Web用户的身份验证及WebApi权限验证流程的设计和实现

5. WebApi 服务端代码示例

5.1 控制器基类ApiControllerBase

[csharp] view plaincopy
 
  1. ///
  2. /// Controller的基类，用于实现适合业务场景的基础功能
  3. ///
  4. ///
  5. [BasicAuthentication]
  6. public abstract class ApiControllerBase : ApiController
  7. {
  8. }

 

5.2 权限属性BaseAuthenticationAttribute

[csharp] view plaincopy
 
  1. ///
  2. /// 基本验证Attribtue，用以Action的权限处理
  3. ///
  4. public class BasicAuthenticationAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
  5. {
  6. ///
  7. /// 检查用户是否有该Action执行的操作权限
  8. ///
  9. ///
  10. public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
  11. {
  12. //检验用户ticket信息，用户ticket信息来自调用发起方
  13. if (actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization != null)
  14. {
  15. //解密用户ticket,并校验用户名密码是否匹配
  16. var encryptTicket = actionContext.Request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter;
  17. if (ValidateUserTicket(encryptTicket))
  18. base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext);
  19. else
  20. actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized);
  21. }
  22. else
  23. {
  24. //检查web.config配置是否要求权限校验
  25. bool isRquired = (WebConfigurationManager.AppSettings["WebApiAuthenticatedFlag"].ToString() == "true");
  26. if (isRquired)
  27. {
  28. //如果请求Header不包含ticket，则判断是否是匿名调用
  29. var attr = actionContext.ActionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes().OfType();
  30. bool isAnonymous = attr.Any(a => a is AllowAnonymousAttribute);
  31. //是匿名用户，则继续执行；非匿名用户，抛出“未授权访问”信息
  32. if (isAnonymous)
  33. base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext);
  34. else
  35. actionContext.Response = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized);
  36. }
  37. else
  38. {
  39. base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext);
  40. }
  41. }
  42. }
  43. ///
  44. /// 校验用户ticket信息
  45. ///
  46. ///
  47. ///
  48. private bool ValidateUserTicket(string encryptTicket)
  49. {
  50. var userTicket = FormsAuthentication.Decrypt(encryptTicket);
  51. var userTicketData = userTicket.UserData;
  52. string userName = userTicketData.Substring(0, userTicketData.IndexOf(":"));
  53. string password = userTicketData.Substring(userTicketData.IndexOf(":") + 1);
  54. //检查用户名、密码是否正确，验证是合法用户
  55. //var isQuilified = CheckUser(userName, password);
  56. return true;
  57. }
  58. }

5.3 api服务Controller实例

[csharp] view plaincopy
 
  1. public class ProductController : ApiControllerBase
  2. {
  3. [HttpGet]
  4. public object Find(string id)
  5. {
  6. return ProductServiceInstance.Find(2);
  7. }
  8. // GET api/product/5
  9. [HttpGet]
  10. [AllowAnonymous]
  11. public Product Get(string id)
  12. {
  13. var headers = Request.Headers;
  14. var p = ProductServiceInstance.GetById(long.Parse(id));
  15. if (p == null)
  16. {
  17. throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest)
  18. Content = new StringContent("id3 not found"), ReasonPhrase = "product id not exist." });
  19. }
  20. return p;
  21. }
  22. }


6. 其它配置说明

6.1 Mvc前端Web.Config 配置

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  1. <</SPAN>system.web>
  2. <</SPAN>compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5">
  3. <</SPAN>assemblies>
  4. <</SPAN>add assembly="System.Web.Http.Data.Helpers, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
  5. </</SPAN>assemblies>
  6. </</SPAN>compilation>
  7. <</SPAN>httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
  8. <</SPAN>authentication mode="Forms">
  9. <</SPAN>forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login" defaultUrl="~/Home/Index" protection="All" timeout="90" name=".AuthCookie"></</SPAN>forms>
  10. </</SPAN>authentication>
  11. <</SPAN>machineKey validationKey="3FFA12388DDF585BA5D35E7BC87E3F0AB47FBBEBD12240DD3BEA2BEAEC4ABA213F22AD27E8FAD77DCFEE306219691434908D193A17C1FC8DCE51B71A4AE54920" decryptionKey="ECB6A3AF9ABBF3F16E80685ED68DC74B0B13CCEE538EBBA97D0B893139683B3B" validation="SHA1" decryption="AES" />
  12. </</SPAN>system.web>


machineKey节点配置，是应用于对用户ticket数据加密和解密。

6.2 WebApi服务端Web.Config配置

[html] view plaincopy
 
  1. <</SPAN>system.web>
  2. <</SPAN>machineKey validationKey="3FF112388DDF585BA5D35E7BC87E3F0AB47FBBEBD12240DD3BEA2BEAEC4ABA213F22AD27E8FAD77DCFEE306219691434908D193A17C1FC8DCE51B71A4AE54920" decryptionKey="ECB6A3AF9ABBF3F16E80685ED68DC74B0B13CCEE538EBBA97D0B893139683B3B" validation="SHA1" decryption="AES" />
  3. </</SPAN>system.web>


machineKey节点配置，是应用于对用户ticket数据加密和解密。

7. 总结

Web系统的用户登录及页面操作权限验证在处理逻辑上比较复杂，需要考虑到Form认证、匿名访问，Session和Cookie存储，以及Session和Cookie的过期处理，本文实现了整个权限验证框架的基本功能，供系统架构设计人员以及Web开发人员参考。

 

Demo项目代码地址：
https://github.com/lgsky/DemoUserAuthorization/

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Qiaoyq/p/3228286.html