这段时间在学习ajax,前今天给公司同事讲解了一下基本原理,也随便放在网上给大家参考一下。
我认为ajax简单的讲就是客户端通过javascript脚本获取服务器端的文本,通过解析返回值,更新部分的网页内容。
下面结合一个获取QQ天气预报网页,并且对返回值进行处理的例子进行一下讲解。
行数:解释。
14:点击按钮开始获取。
29:显示右上角的“正在加载...”的小区域(仿造gmail)。
30:创建XMLHTTP,IE的方式,其它的浏览器创建方式不同。
31:XMLHTTP状态发生变化时调用的回调函数,实现异步调用。
32:指定调用的URL。
33:开始调用(可以发送一段XML到服务器端,例子可以查看:用javascript通过MetaWeblog获取Blog )。
37:xmlhttp的状态:1 装备阶段、2 发送、3 接收、4 所有数据接收完成。
40:隐藏右上角提示。
41:服务器返回的状态:200 正常返回。 404 网页不存在 等。
45:以HTML格式显示获得的网页。
46:以文本方式显示获得网页源代码。
49-53:截取部分网页显示。
58-60:没有正常获取网页的提示。
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代码下载:weather.zip
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<TITLE> 天气预报 </TITLE>
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<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="http://pharaoh.cnblogs.com">
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</HEAD>
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<BODY>
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<!--
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XMLHTTP 说明
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http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/xmlsdk/html/7924f6be-c035-411f-acd2-79de7a711b38.asp
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-->
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<div id=load style="display:none; position:absolute;right:0px;top:0px;background:#FF5B5B;border:1px solid">正在加载
</div>
12![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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<input id=wurl style="500px" value="http://appnews.qq.com/cgi-bin/news_qq_search?city=重庆">
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<button onclick="GetWeather();">加载</button>
15![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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<hr />
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<div id=city>片断</div>
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<hr />
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<center><div id="wuhan_weather">数据区域</div></center>
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<hr />
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<div id=stext>代码区</div>
22![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/None.gif)
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<script language="javascript">
24![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
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var xmlhttp ;
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function GetWeather()
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{
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window.status = '';
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document.all("load").style.display='';
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xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
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xmlhttp.onreadystatechange = getReady;
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xmlhttp.Open("GET",document.getElementById('wurl').value,true);
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xmlhttp.Send(null);
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}
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function getReady()
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{
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window.status += xmlhttp.readyState+' ';
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if(xmlhttp.readyState == 4)
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{
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document.all("load").style.display='none';
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if(xmlhttp.status == 200)
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{
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var xmlReturn = xmlhttp.responseText;
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document.all("wuhan_weather").innerHTML=xmlReturn;
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document.all("stext").innerText=xmlReturn;
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var newText = xmlReturn.replace(/\n+/g,' ');
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//document.all("stext").innerText=newText;
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var re = /<table .+?table>/ig;
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var cityText = newText.match(re);
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document.all("city").innerHTML=cityText[2];
54![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
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}
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else
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{
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document.all("wuhan_weather").innerHTML="<b>出现错误:</b><br />"+new Date()+"<br />"+xmlhttp.statusText+"<br />"+xmlhttp.status;
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document.all("stext").innerHTML="代码区";
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document.all("city").innerHTML="片断";
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}
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xmlhttp = null;
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}
65![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/InBlock.gif)
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}
67![](/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockEnd.gif)
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</script>
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</BODY>
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</HTML>
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