RMAN恢复
数据文件
RPO/RTO
数据文件：
不归档方式下丢失一个数据文件：
SQL> archive log list
备份前工作：
SQL> create table t1(x varchar2(50)) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('friday, before backup');
SQL> commit;
备份：
SQL> 查询v$datafile, v$logfile, v$tempfile, v$controlfile
SQL> shutdown immediate
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/
$ cp -r orcl orcl.bak
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/orcl
$ cp control02.ctl control02.ctl.bak
SQL> startup
备份后工作：
SQL> insert into t1 values ('monday, after backup');
SQL> commit;
故障：
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl
$ >users01.dbf
SQL> select * from t1; 报错
$ vi /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/alert_orcl.log
$ dbv file=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
恢复：
SQL> shutdown abort
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata
$ rm -rf orcl
$ mv orcl.bak orcl
$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/fast_recovery_area/orcl
$ mv control02.ctl.bak control02.ctl
SQL> startup
SQL> select * from t1;
归档模式下丢失一个数据文件：
SQL> archive log list
备份前工作：
SQL> create table t1(x varchar2(50)) tablespace users;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('friday, before backup');
SQL> commit;
备份：
RMAN> backup tablespace users tag "tbs_users_weekend_backup";
备份后工作：
SQL> select group#, sequence#, status, archived from v$log;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('after backup, logseq 7, archived');
SQL> commit;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;切换日志
SQL> insert into t1 values ('after backup, logseq 8, archived');
SQL> commit;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('after backup, logseq 9, archived');
SQL> commit;
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('after backup, logseq 10, current');
SQL> commit;
SQL> insert into t1 values ('after backup, logseq 10, current, uncommitted');
SQL> select * from t1;
故障：
SQL> shutdown abort
$ rm $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
SQL> startup 报错
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
$ vi /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/alert_orcl.log
恢复：
RMAN> list backup of tablespace users;
SQL> alter database datafile 4 offline; system和undo tbs不能offline
SQL> alter database open;
RMAN> restore datafile 4;
RMAN> recover datafile 4;
SQL> alter database datafile 4 online;
SQL> select * from t1;