Java——HashMap使用Demo

package map;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Set;

public class HashMapDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        // 键不能重复,值可以重复
        map.put("san", "张三");
        map.put("si", "李四");
        map.put("wu", "王五");
        map.put("wang", "老王");
        map.put("wang", "老王2");// 老王被覆盖
        map.put("lao", "老王");
        System.out.println("-------直接输出hashmap:-------");
        System.out.println(map);
        /**
         * 遍历HashMap
         */
        // 1.获取Map中的所有键
        System.out.println("-------foreach获取Map中所有的键:------");
        Set<String> keys = map.keySet();
        for (String key : keys) {
            System.out.print(key+"  ");
        }
        System.out.println();//换行
        // 2.获取Map中所有值
        System.out.println("-------foreach获取Map中所有的值:------");
        Collection<String> values = map.values();
        for (String value : values) {
            System.out.print(value+"  ");
        }
        System.out.println();//换行
        // 3.得到key的值的同时得到key所对应的值
        System.out.println("-------得到key的值的同时得到key所对应的值:-------");
        Set<String> keys2 = map.keySet();
        for (String key : keys2) {
            System.out.print(key + ":" + map.get(key)+"   ");

        }
        /**
         * 另外一种不常用的遍历方式
         */
        // 当我调用put(key,value)方法的时候,首先会把key和value封装到
        // Entry这个静态内部类对象中,把Entry对象再添加到数组中,所以我们想获取
        // map中的所有键值对,我们只要获取数组中的所有Entry对象,接下来
        // 调用Entry对象中的getKey()和getValue()方法就能获取键值对了
        Set<java.util.Map.Entry<String, String>> entrys = map.entrySet();
        for (java.util.Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
            System.out.println(entry.getKey() + "--" + entry.getValue());
        }

        /**
         * HashMap其他常用方法
         */
        System.out.println("after map.size():"+map.size());
        System.out.println("after map.isEmpty():"+map.isEmpty());
        System.out.println(map.remove("san"));
        System.out.println("after map.remove():"+map);
        System.out.println("after map.get(si):"+map.get("si"));
        System.out.println("after map.containsKey(si):"+map.containsKey("si"));
        System.out.println("after containsValue(李四):"+map.containsValue("李四"));
        System.out.println(map.replace("si", "李四2"));
        System.out.println("after map.replace(si, 李四2):"+map);
    }

}

 引用型Key重写equals和hashcode方法:

public class Book{
    
    private String name;
    private double price;
    private String author;
    
    /**
     * 原则:
     * 1、和属性值相关
     * 2、属性一样的话,要求哈希值肯定一样
     *    属性不一样的,尽最大的限度让哈希值不一样!
     */

//    // 简单方式    
//    @Override
//    public int hashCode() {
//        return name.hashCode()+(int)price+author.hashCode()*31;
//    }
    
//    @Override
//    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
//        System.out.println(this.name+" pk "+((Book)obj).name);
//        
//        if(this==obj)
//            return true;
//        if(!(obj instanceof Book))
//            return false;
//        Book b = (Book) obj;
//        
//        return this.name.equals(b.name)&&this.price==b.price&&this.author.equals(b.author);
//    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    
    // 推荐的重写
    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        final int prime = 31;
        int result = 1;
        result = prime * result + ((author == null) ? 0 : author.hashCode());
        result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
        long temp;
        temp = Double.doubleToLongBits(price);
        result = prime * result + (int) (temp ^ (temp >>> 32));
        return result;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (this == obj)
            return true;
        if (obj == null)
            return false;
        if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
            return false;
        Book other = (Book) obj;
        if (author == null) {
            if (other.author != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!author.equals(other.author))
            return false;
        if (name == null) {
            if (other.name != null)
                return false;
        } else if (!name.equals(other.name))
            return false;
        if (Double.doubleToLongBits(price) != Double.doubleToLongBits(other.price))
            return false;
        return true;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }
    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }
    public Book(String name, double price, String author) {
        super();
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.author = author;
    }
    
    public String toString(){
        /*
         * %s:字符串
         * %c:字符
         * %f:浮点
         * %d:整数
         */
        return String.format("名称:%s    价格:%.2f    作者:%s",name,price,author);
    }
}

参考:https://snailclimb.top/JavaGuide/#/java/collection/HashMap

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/MWCloud/p/11332098.html