Git的Bug分支----临时保存现场git stash

软件开发中,bug就像家常便饭一样,有了bug就需要修复,在Git中,由于分支是如此的强大,所以每个bug通过一个新的分支来修复,在修复后,合并分支,然后将临时分支删除。

当你接到一个修复代号为119的bug时,很自然的想建立一个分支issue-119来修复它,但是,当前在dev上进行的工作还没有提交。

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git status
On branch dev
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

new file: hello.txt

Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

modified: readme.txt

并不是你不想提交,而是工作进行到一半,还没法提交,预计完成时间还需要半天的时间,但是你必须在一个小时内修复该bug,怎么办?

幸运的是,Git还提供了一个stash功能,可以把当前工作现场“储藏”起来,等以后恢复现场后继续工作:

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash
Saved working directory and index state WIP on dev: 4f4f23a dev commit
HEAD is now at 4f4f23a dev commit

现在用git status查看工作区,就是干净的,因此可以放心的创建分支来修复Bug

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git status
On branch dev
nothing to commit, working directory clean

首先确定在哪个分支上修复bug,假定需要在master分支上修复,就从master分支上创建临时分支:

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git checkout -b issue-119
Switched to a new branch 'issue-119'

现在修复bug,将在readme.txt中添加“bug修复完成”

$ cat readme.txt
master分支内容
添加dev分支内容
master分支上的合并测试内容
分支合并测试

dev分支--no-ff方式的merge
bug修复完成

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (issue-119)
$ git add readme.txt

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (issue-119)
$ git commit -m "bug 119 had fix"
[issue-119 b4d16ef] bug 119 had fix
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

修复完成后,切换到master分支,并完成合并,最后删除issue-119

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (issue-119)
$ git checkout master
Switched to branch 'master'
Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git merge --no-ff -m "merge bug fix 119" issue-119
Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
readme.txt | 1 +
1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git branch -d issue-119
Deleted branch issue-119 (was b4d16ef).

bug已经修复了,现在是时候回到dev分支上干活了

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (master)
$ git checkout dev
Switched to branch 'dev'

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git status
On branch dev
nothing to commit, working directory clean

工作区是干净的,刚才的工作区存到哪里去了?用git stash list命令看看:

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash list
stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 4f4f23a dev commit

工作现场还在,Git把stash内容存到某个地方了,但是需要恢复一下,有两种方法:

1.用git stash apply恢复,但是恢复后,stash内容并不删除,你需要用git stash drop来删除。

2.用git stash pop,恢复的同时把stash内容也删除了。

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash list
stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 4f4f23a dev commit

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash apply stash@{0}
On branch dev
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

new file: hello.txt

Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

modified: readme.txt


LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash list
stash@{0}: WIP on dev: 4f4f23a dev commit

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash drop stash@{0}
Dropped stash@{0} (8f8d8fbddf55ed37d505eeca7371f78e705a4daa)

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git stash list

查看工作区:

LV@LV-PC MINGW32 /c/gitskill (dev)
$ git status
On branch dev
Changes to be committed:
(use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

new file: hello.txt

Changes not staged for commit:
(use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
(use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

 我们又回到了修复bug之前了

小结:我们修复bug时,我们创建新的bug分支进行修复,然后合并,最后删除;

当手头上的工作没有完成时,先把工作现场git stash一下,然后去修复bug,修复后,再git stash pop ,回到工作现场。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/LvLoveYuForever/p/5524424.html