.net core2.2上传文件总结

总结一下.net core的上传文件操作,这里主要分上传到本地的也就是MVC的,另一种是上传到WebAPi的.

一、Web端

1.新建一个.net core mvc项目

2.这里的版本是.net core 2.2.4

3.新建一个控制器 TestController

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace Web.Controllers
{
    public class TestController : Controller
    {
        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;
        public TestController(IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
        {
            _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
        }
        public IActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 上传图片
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public string UploadFiles(string z)
        {
            long size = 0;
            var path = "";
            var files = Request.Form.Files;
            foreach (var file in files)
            {
                var filename = ContentDispositionHeaderValue
                                .Parse(file.ContentDisposition)
                                .FileName
                                .Trim('"');
                string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName); //文件扩展名
                long fileSize = file.Length; //获得文件大小，以字节为单位
                string newFileName = System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString() + fileExt; //随机生成新的文件名
                path = "/upload/" + newFileName;
                path = _hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath + $@"{path}";
                size += file.Length;
                using (FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(path))
                {
                    file.CopyTo(fs);
                    fs.Flush();
                }
                path = "/upload/" + newFileName;
            }
            return path;
        }

    }
}

4.新建页面Index

@{
    Layout = null;
}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>Index</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="form0">
        <input type="file" name="file" />
        <input type="button" value="上传本地" onclick="upload()" />
    </form>
</body>
</html>
<script src="~/lib/jquery/dist/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="~/js/jquery.form.js"></script>
<script>
    function upload() {
        var formData = new FormData($("#form0")[0]);
        $.ajax({
            url: "/test/UploadFiles",
            data: formData,
            contentType: false,
            processData: false,
            cache: false,
            type: 'post',
            success: function (d) {
                console.log(d);
            }
        })
    }

</script>

5.注意:默认所有的静态文件都放在wwwroot 所以这里我在wwwroot下创建了文件夹upload从来存储文件

这样Web端的上传文件就搞定了

二、WebApi端

1.新建一个webapi项目

2.新建一个api控制器 TestApiController

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Cors;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

namespace WebApi.Controllers
{
    [EnableCors("AllowSameDomain")]//跨域
    [Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class TestApiController : ControllerBase
    {
        private readonly IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnvironment;

        public TestApiController(IHostingEnvironment hostingEnvironment)
        {
            _hostingEnvironment = hostingEnvironment;
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ResultObject UploadIForm(List<IFormFile> files)
        {
            List<String> filenames = new List<string>(); foreach (var file in files)
            {
                var fileName = file.FileName;
                Console.WriteLine(fileName);

                fileName = $"/UploadFile/{fileName}";
                filenames.Add(fileName);

                fileName = _hostingEnvironment.WebRootPath + fileName;

                using (FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(fileName))
                {
                    file.CopyTo(fs);
                    fs.Flush();
                }
            }

            return new ResultObject
            {
                state = "Success",
                resultObject = filenames
            };
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public string Upload(IFormCollection Files)
        {

            try
            {
                //var form = Request.Form;//直接从表单里面获取文件名不需要参数
                string dd = Files["File"];
                var form = Files;//定义接收类型的参数
                Hashtable hash = new Hashtable();
                IFormFileCollection cols = Request.Form.Files;
                if (cols == null || cols.Count == 0)
                {
                    return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { status = -1, message = "没有上传文件", data = hash });
                }
                foreach (IFormFile file in cols)
                {
                    //定义图片数组后缀格式
                    string[] LimitPictureType = { ".JPG", ".JPEG", ".GIF", ".PNG", ".BMP" };
                    //获取图片后缀是否存在数组中
                    string currentPictureExtension = Path.GetExtension(file.FileName).ToUpper();
                    if (LimitPictureType.Contains(currentPictureExtension))
                    {

                        //为了查看图片就不在重新生成文件名称了
                        // var new_path = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")+ file.FileName;
                        var new_path = Path.Combine("uploads/images/", file.FileName);
                        var path = Path.Combine(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory(), "wwwroot", new_path);

                        using (var stream = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create))
                        {

                            //图片路径保存到数据库里面去
                            bool flage = true;
                            if (flage == true)
                            {
                                //再把文件保存的文件夹中
                                file.CopyTo(stream);
                                hash.Add("file", "/" + new_path);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { status = -2, message = "请上传指定格式的图片", data = hash });
                    }
                }

                return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { status = 0, message = "上传成功", data = hash });
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {

                return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { status = -3, message = "上传失败", data = ex.Message });
            }

        }

    }
    public class ResultObject
    {
        public String state { get; set; }
        public Object resultObject { get; set; }
    }

}

3.这里前台页面还是通过ajax来请求api的,所以就需要进行跨域

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace WebApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            //允许一个或多个具体来源:
            services.AddCors(options =>
            {
                // Policy 名稱 CorsPolicy 是自訂的，可以自己改
                //跨域规则的名称
                options.AddPolicy("AllowSameDomain", policy =>
                {
                    // 設定允許跨域的來源，有多個的話可以用 `,` 隔開
                    policy
                    .WithOrigins("http://127.0.0.1:53189", "http://localhost:53189")
                     //.AllowAnyOrigin()//允许所有来源的主机访问
                    .AllowAnyMethod()
                    .AllowAnyHeader()
                    .AllowCredentials();//指定处理cookie
                });
            });

            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseCors("AllowSameDomain");//必须位于UserMvc之前 
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

4.前台页面还是用这个方法,url改下

function upload1() {
        var formData = new FormData($("#form0")[0]);
        $.ajax({
            url: "http://127.0.0.1:8067/api/testapi/Upload",
            data: formData,
            contentType: false,
            processData: false,
            cache: false,
            type: 'post',
            success: function (d) {
                console.log(d);

            }
        })
    }

5.将webapi发布到iis

6.同样的,静态文件还是在wwwroot下,api发布后是没有wwwroot文件夹的,所以直接建 /wwwroot/upload文件夹

这样上传就搞定了