WCF 开发学习笔记

概述

Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 是.NET Framework 的扩展，用来创建互连的系统。WCF 提供了创建安全的、可靠的、事务服务的统一框架，WCF 整合和扩展了现有分布式系统的开发技术，如Microsoft .Net Remoting、Web Services、Web Services Enhancements (WSE)等等，来开发统一的可靠系统。WCF 框架可以实现SOA架构的松散耦合的应用程序，WCF 简化了构建SOA架构应用的工作，同时通过统一Enterprise Services、Messaging、.Net Remoting、Web Services、WSE 等技术，降低开发复杂度。WCF服务可以通过属性Attribute进行配置，提高灵活性和效率，支持大量的Web Services标准，如XML、XSD、SOAP、Xpath、WSDL等标准和规范，如WS-Addressing、WS-Policy、WS- Security、WS-Trust、WS-Secure、WS-Reliable Messaging、WS-Atomic Transaction、WS-Coordination等等。

Windows communication Foundation (WCF) 框架模型

3

WCF组成结构

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Service Class：一个标记了[ServiceContract]属性的类，在其中可能包含多个方法。除了标记了一些WCF 特有的Attribute 外，这个类与一般的类没有什么区别。 
Host（宿主）：可以是应用程序，进程如Windows Service 等，它是WCF Service 运行环境。 
Endpoints：可以是一个，也可以是一组，它是WCF 实现通信的核心要素。

在后面的实例应用中，我还会提到上面这三个概念。

（1）绑定：指定该端点如何与外界通信，也就是为端点指定通信协议。

    • 传输协议：端点和客户端通过传输协议通信。比较常用的是HTTP和TCP。
    • 编码协议：在进入通信链路之前，端点和客户通过编码协议对通信进行编码。比较常见的是XML文件二进制码。
    • 安全协议：端点和用户通过安全协议保证通信的安全。比如一些敏感的信息，要求通过加密的传输信道。比较常见的是HTTPS和WS-Security。

      8 

      （2）地址：一个端点地址指定端点的位置，如果通过端点与WCF通信，必须把通信指定到网络地址。

      （3）契约：一个端点上契约指定通过该端点的用户能访问到WCF服务的什么操作。

      在WCF 中，类ServiceEndpoint 代表了一个端点（Endpoint），在类中包含的EndpointAddress，Binding，ContractDescription 类型分别对应端点的地址，绑定和契约。

      WCF服务模型

      最后简单的说下WCF的服务模型。

      WCF是一个层次架构，该架构的顶层称为服务模型，用于WCF服务的建模。

      WCF服务模型提供了3种重要手段对自己的WCF服务进行建模：

      （1）面向属性编程：WCF服务模型带有一套元数据属性，可以通过属性表示相应的实体，如：属性，接口，类等。

      （2）面向配置编程：WCF服务模型带有方便的配置语言，可以通过它在配置文件中进行建模。

      （3）常规命令编程：WCF服务模型带有一组方便的托管类，可以使用这些托管类对服务进行建模。

      示例

      定义Server 接口:

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      using System.Collections.Generic;
      using System.ServiceModel;
      using Model;
       
      [ServiceContract]
      public interface IDICOMService
      {
          /// <summary>
          /// Get patient identifier list by query condition
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientQueryCondition"></param>
          /// <returns></returns>
          [OperationContract]
          List<PatientIdentifier> Query(PatientQueryCondition patientQueryCondition);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve cache relate file path list
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
          /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
          /// <returns>cache relate file path list</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          List<string> Retrieve(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve file stream by cache related file path
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="relatedFilePath">related file path</param>
          /// <returns>file stream bytes</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          byte[] RetrieveFileStream(string relatedFilePath);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve file name and file byte stream list
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
          /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
          /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
          [OperationContract]
          Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileNameAndStream(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                               string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve file stream by sort and paging
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
          /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="page">page</param>
          /// <param name="count">count</param>
          /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
          /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
          /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
          [OperationContract]
          Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                       string seriesInstanceUID,
                                                                       string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count,
                                                                       string sort, string sequence);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity list By Condition
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
          /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
          /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListByCondition(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                       string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID);
       
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity List   by sort and paging
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
          /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
          /// <param name="page">page</param>
          /// <param name="count">count</param>
          /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
          /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
          /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list </returns>
          [OperationContract]
          List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID,
                                                                           string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID,
                                                                           int page, int count, string sort,
                                                                           string sequence);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Retrieve Report file byte stream by encount type and activity state
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
          /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
          /// <returns>file byte stream</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          byte[] RetrieveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState);
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Add Report File By encount type and activity state and byte stream
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="encountType">encount Type</param>
          /// <param name="activityState">activity State</param>
          /// <param name="byteStream">report file byte stream</param>
          /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          bool AddReportFile(string encountType, string activityState, byte[] byteStream);
       
       
          /// <summary>
          /// Remove Report file by encount type and activity state
          /// </summary>
          /// <param name="encountType">encount Type</param>
          /// <param name="activityState">activity State</param>
          /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
          [OperationContract]
          bool RemoveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState);
      }

      接下来实现接口

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      using System.Collections.Generic;
        using DAL;
        using IDAL;
        using Model;
        using System.ServiceModel;
        /// <summary>
        /// Dicom Service class
        /// </summary>
        [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]
        public class DICOMService : IDICOMService
        {
            #region Private Methods
       
            #endregion
       
            #region IDICOMService Members
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Query DICOM server by PatientQueryCondition entity
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientQueryCondition">PatientQueryCondition entity </param>
            /// <returns>Patient Identifier list</returns>
            public List<PatientIdentifier> Query(PatientQueryCondition patientQueryCondition)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.Query(patientQueryCondition);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve cache relate file path list
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>cache relate file path list</returns>
            public List<string> Retrieve(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.Retrieve(patientID, studyInstanceUID, seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file stream by cache related file path
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="relatedfilePath"> cache related file path</param>
            /// <returns>file stream bytes</returns>
            public byte[] RetrieveFileStream(string relatedfilePath)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStream(relatedfilePath);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file name and file byte stream List
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>file name and file byte stream List</returns>
            public Dictionary<string,byte[]> RetrieveFileNameAndStream(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStream(patientID, studyInstanceUID, seriesInstanceUID,
                                                                     sopInstanceUID);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity list By Condition
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
            public List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListByCondition(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveDcmFileResultListByCondition(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                       seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve DicomFileResult entity List By condition
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="page">page</param>
            /// <param name="count">count</param>
            /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
            /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
            /// <returns>DicomFileResult entity list</returns>
            public List<DicomFileResult> RetrieveDicomFileResultListBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count, string sort, string sequence)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveDcmFileResultListBySortAndPaging(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                           seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID,
                                                                                           page, count, sort, sequence);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve report file stream by encount type and activity state
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
            /// <returns>report file byte stream</returns>
            public byte[] RetrieveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveReportFileByCondition(encountType, activityState);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Add report file by encount type and activity state and byte stream
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
            /// <param name="byteStream">byte stream</param>
            /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
            public bool AddReportFile(string encountType, string activityState, byte[] byteStream)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.AddReportFile(encountType, activityState, byteStream);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Remove report file by encount type and activity state
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="encountType">encount type</param>
            /// <param name="activityState">activity state</param>
            /// <returns>the result is true or false</returns>
            public bool RemoveReportFileByCondition(string encountType, string activityState)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RemoveReportFile(encountType, activityState);
            }
       
            /// <summary>
            /// Retrieve file stream by sort and paging
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="patientID">patientID</param>
            /// <param name="studyInstanceUID">studyInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="seriesInstanceUID">seriesInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="sopInstanceUID">sopInstanceUID</param>
            /// <param name="page">page</param>
            /// <param name="count">count</param>
            /// <param name="sort">sort</param>
            /// <param name="sequence">sequence</param>
            /// <returns>file name and file byte stream list</returns>
            public Dictionary<string, byte[]> RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(string patientID, string studyInstanceUID, string seriesInstanceUID, string sopInstanceUID, int page, int count, string sort, string sequence)
            {
                return DICOMServiceHandle.Instance.RetrieveFileStreamBySortAndPaging(patientID, studyInstanceUID,
                                                                                    seriesInstanceUID, sopInstanceUID, page,
                                                                                    count, sort, sequence);
            }
       
            #endregion
        }

      其中

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      [ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode = InstanceContextMode.Single)]

      是保证WCF实例是单例的.

      然后再如下在运行窗口把这个给启动了.

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      class Program
      {
          [STAThread]
          static void Main(string[] args)
          {
              Console.WriteLine("***** Console Based Host*****");
              var timer = new QueryDicomServerTimer();
              using (ServiceHost serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(DICOMService)))
              {
                  serviceHost.Open();
                  Console.WriteLine("The server is ready.");
                  DisplayServerInfo(serviceHost);
                  timer.Start();
                  Console.WriteLine("Press the Enter key to terminate the service");
                  Console.ReadLine();
              }
              timer.End();
          }
       
          static void DisplayServerInfo(ServiceHost serviceHost)
          {
              Console.WriteLine();
              Console.WriteLine("****** Host Info ******");
              foreach (var endpoint in serviceHost.Description.Endpoints)
              {
                  Console.WriteLine("The address is {0}", endpoint.Address);
                  Console.WriteLine("The binding is {0}", endpoint.Binding.Name);
                  Console.WriteLine("The contract is {0}", endpoint.Contract.Name);
                  Console.WriteLine();
              }
              Console.WriteLine("***********************");
          }
      }

      web.config配置如下:

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      <system.serviceModel>
          <bindings/>
          <client/>
          <services>
            <service name="DICOMServiceLib.BLL.DICOMService" behaviorConfiguration="DICOMServiceMEXBehavior">
              <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="DICOMServiceLib.IDAL.IDICOMService"/>
              <!-- Enable the MEX endpoint -->
              <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
              <!-- Need to add this so MEX knows the address of our service -->
              <host>
                <baseAddresses>
                  <add baseAddress="http://localhost:9090/DICOMService"/>
                </baseAddresses>
              </host>
            </service>
          </services>
          <!-- A behavior definition for MEX -->
          <behaviors>
            <serviceBehaviors>
              <behavior name="DICOMServiceMEXBehavior">
                <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
              </behavior>
            </serviceBehaviors>
          </behaviors>
        </system.serviceModel>

      运行的结果如下图:

      image

      欢迎各位参与讨论，如果觉得对你有帮助，请点击image    推荐下，万分谢谢.

      作者：spring yang

      出处：http://www.cnblogs.com/springyangwc/

      本文版权归作者和博客园共有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Leo_wl/p/2517146.html