在linux上部署Redmine

0. 简介

0.1 基础概念

[Redmine] Redmine是用Ruby开发的基于web的项目管理软件，是用ROR框架开发的一套跨平台项目管理系统，据说是源于Basecamp的ror版而来，支持多种数据库，有不少自己独特的功能，例如提供wiki、新闻台等，还可以集成其他版本管理系统和BUG跟踪系统，例如SVN、CVS、TD等等。（百度百科）

[Ruby on Rails] Ruby on Rails 是一个可以使你开发，部署，维护 web 应用程序变得简单的框架。（百度百科）

0.2 本文说明

1)本文没有使用apt-get和yum命令，所以对于各种linux的发行版本都适用，包括ubuntu，fedora，centos，redhat等。

2)作者在32位和64位系统下均测试成功，本文提供的方法支持32位和64位系统，有不同的地方在文中都已标明。

3)本文支持两个Redmine版本，分别是1.1.0和1.2.2，细微差别也在文中说明，请读者按照1.2资源下载表格中对应的版本进行安装，因为Redmine对于版本是敏感的，必须是特定版本，不能过高也不能过低，其他组合不保证部署成功。

4)作者在写作本文的时候Redmine已出另一个更新版本1.3.0，后续本文会作相应更新。

5)有任何问题，欢迎留言或发邮件沟通。

1. 环境 & 资源下载

1.1 环境

Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 3) 64bit

GCC 3.4.5

1.2 资源下载

MySQL 5.1.60 (http://www.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.1.html)

Apache httpd server 2.2.21 (http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi)

redmine	1.2.2	1.1.0	http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=1850
ruby	1.8.7	1.8.7	http://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/
rubygems	1.6.2	1.3.7	http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=126
rake	0.8.7	0.8.7
rack	1.1.1	1.0.1
rails	2.3.11	2.3.5

zlib 1.2.5 (http://www.zlib.org/)

i18n 0.4.2

mysql-ruby 2.8.2 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=4550)

passenger 3.0.11 (http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=5873)

openssl 0.9.8k (http://www.openssl.org/source/)

Run the following commands to get some gem files:

wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rake-0.8.7.gem
 
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.1.1.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.11.gem
 
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rack-1.0.1.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/rails-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activesupport-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activerecord-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionpack-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/activeresource-2.3.5.gem
 
wget http://rubygems.org/downloads/i18n-0.4.2.gem

你可以和本文附录6.3的下载文件列表进行对比。

2. 步骤

2.0 添加环境变量

打开用户目录下的.bashrc文件

1	`vim ~/.bashrc`

在.bashrc文件中添加下面两行：

1 2	`export` `CYN_USR="$HOME/usr"` `export` `CYN_DOWNLOAD="$HOME/download"`

执行下面的语句使环境变量设置立即生效，而不用重启

1	`source` `~/.bashrc`

注意！！！ 你完全不必使用$CYN_USR和$CYN_DOWNLOAD，它们只是方便我后面的操作以及目录描述，强烈推荐大家使用绝对路径。在本文中，$CYN_USR表示我的程序安装目录，就像windows系统中的C:\Program Files目录一样，$CYN_DOWNLOAD是我下载安装包的保存路径。

32位还是64位？？？ 本文的演示是在64位linux上做的，但我也在32位机器上部署过Redmine，步骤上是一样的。唯一的不同就是MySQL的安装包不一样，有32位和64位之分，它们的下载地址是相同的。还有一些软件采用源代码安装方式，也避免了选择32位还是64位的问题。其他基于ruby的软件，因为ruby的跨平台性安装包和部署方法没有差别。

$CYN_DOWNLOAD文件列表 作者的$CYN_DOWNLOAD目录内容见本文的附录6.3。

2.1 安装MySQL

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
(或者在32位系统中  tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz)
ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23 mysql
(或者在32位系统中  ln -s mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23 mysql)
cd mysql
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=work

其中，work是你的linux用户名，有的文章说新建一个mysql用户组和一个mysql用户，读者可以尝试

安装后MySQL会有提示，参考本文附录6.1

开启MySQL服务：

1	`$CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe` `&`

关闭MySQL服务：

1	`$CYN_USR/mysql/bin/mysqladmin` `-u root -p SHUTDOWN`

2.2 安装Apache Http服务器

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.2.21
./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/httpd
make
make install

开启、关闭、重启apache服务器：

$CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl start
$CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl stop
$CYN_USR/httpd/bin/apachectl restart

2.3 安装Ruby

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
cd ruby-1.8.7-p174
./configure --prefix=$CYN_USR/ruby
make
make install

2.4 为MySQL、Apache、Ruby添加环境变量

1	`vim ~/.bashrc`

在用户目录下的.bashrc文件中添加下面几行内容：

export MYSQL_HOME="$CYN_USR/mysql"
export HTTPD_HOME="$CYN_USR/httpd"
export RUBY_HOME="$CYN_USR/ruby"
export PATH="$PATH:$RUBY_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/lib:$HTTPD_HOME/bin"

执行下面语句让配置立即生效：

1	`source` `~/.bashrc`

2.5 安装Rubygems

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
cd rubygems-1.6.2
ruby setup.rb

2.6 安装zlib

这个包应该是和解压.gem包有关

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.5
./configure
make
make test
make install
cd $CYN_USR/ruby-1.8.7-p174/ext/zlib
ruby extconf.rb
make
make install

2.7 安装Rake、Rack和Rails

如果你要配置Redmine-1.2.2，请安装rails-2.3.11，act*-2.3.11.gem会自动安装，但要保证和rails-2.3.11.gem在同一个目录下：

cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
gem install --local rack-1.1.1.gem
gem install --local rails-2.3.11.gem

如果你要配置Redmine-1.1.0，请安装rails-2.3.5：

cd $CYN_DOWNLOAD
gem install --local rake-0.8.7.gem
gem install --local rack-1.0.1.gem
gem install --local activesupport-2.3.5.gem
gem install --local activerecord-2.3.5.gem
gem install --local actionpack-2.3.5.gem
gem install --local actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
gem install --local activeresource-2.3.5.gem
gem install --local rails-2.3.5.gem

2.8 安装i18n

1	`gem` `install` `--local` `i18n-0.4.2.gem`

2.9 配置MySQL

新建一个名为redmine的数据库，新建一个名为redmine的用户，密码是redminepwd，并赋予对名为redmine的数据库的所有权限

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE redmine CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
CREATE USER 'redmine'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'redminepwd';
GRANT ALL ON redmine.* TO 'redmine'@'localhost';

2.10 安装MySQL-Ruby

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
cd mysql-ruby-2.8.2
ruby extconf.rb --with-mysql-dir=$CYN_USR/mysql
make
ruby ./test.rb -- localhost redmine redminepwd redmine 3306
make install

2.11 安装Passenger

passenger可以让apache服务器搭载ruby on rails网站

cd $CYN_USR
tar zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
cd passenger-3.0.11
./bin/passenger-install-apache2-module

安装完成后会有类似附录6.2的提示

2.12 安装Redmine

1 2	`cd` `$CYN_USR` `tar` `zxvf $CYN_DOWNLOAD/redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz`

2.13 配置Redmine

主要是配置数据库

cd $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2
cp config/database.yml.example config/database.yml
vim config/database.yml

在config/database.yml文件中，修改production/development/test节的内容，填写数据库信息，下面是production节的示例

production:
  adapter: mysql
  database: redmine
  host: localhost
  username: redmine
  password: redminepwd
  encoding: utf8

执行下面三条语句，初始化数据库，建立表结构，并且写入相应数据

rake generate_session_store
RAILS_ENV=production rake db:migrate
RAILS_ENV=production rake redmine:load_default_data

2.14 配置Apache Server

在$CYN_USR/httpd/conf/httpd.conf文件中添加下面内容，注意把$CYN_USR换成你的绝对路径

LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
 
Listen 8085
<VirtualHost *:8085>
   ServerName www.yourhost.com
   DocumentRoot $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public
   <Directory $CYN_USR/redmine-1.2.2/public>
      AllowOverride all
      Options -MultiViews
      Options Indexes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
   </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

2.15 测试网站

在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8085/

3. 可能遇到的问题

本部分内容有待添加，欢迎读者留言与我讨论

4. 引用

[1] http://www.redmine.org/projects/redmine/wiki/RedmineInstall

[2] http://www.cnblogs.com/wuchang/archive/2011/10/04/2199018.html

5. 更多信息

5.1 官方网站

[1] http://www.redmine.org/

[2] http://rubyonrails.org/

[3] http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/

[4] http://httpd.apache.org/

[5] http://www.mysql.com/

[6] http://rack.rubyforge.org/

[7] http://tmtm.org/en/mysql/ruby/

5.2 Wikis

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redmine

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails

[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)

6. 附录

6.1 安装MySQL的提示

Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK
 
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
 
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
 
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h your_host_name password 'new-password'
 
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
 
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
 
See the manual for more instructions.
 
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
 
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd ./mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
 
Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!

6.2 安装Passenger的提示

--------------------------------------------
The Apache 2 module was successfully installed.
 
Please edit your Apache configuration file, and add these lines:
 
   LoadModule passenger_module $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/ext/apache2/mod_passenger.so
   PassengerRoot $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11
   PassengerRuby $CYN_USR/ruby/bin/ruby
 
After you restart Apache, you are ready to deploy any number of Ruby on Rails
applications on Apache, without any further Ruby on Rails-specific
configuration!
 
Press ENTER to continue.
 
--------------------------------------------
Deploying a Ruby on Rails application: an example
 
Suppose you have a Rails application in /somewhere. Add a virtual host to your
Apache configuration file and set its DocumentRoot to /somewhere/public:
 
   <VirtualHost *:80>
      ServerName www.yourhost.com
      DocumentRoot /somewhere/public    # <-- be sure to point to 'public'!
      <Directory /somewhere/public>
         AllowOverride all              # <-- relax Apache security settings
         Options -MultiViews            # <-- MultiViews must be turned off
      </Directory>
   </VirtualHost>
 
And that's it! You may also want to check the Users Guide for security and
optimization tips, troubleshooting and other useful information:
 
  $CYN_USR/passenger-3.0.11/doc/Users guide Apache.html
 
Enjoy Phusion Passenger, a product of Phusion (www.phusion.nl) :-)
http://www.modrails.com/
 
Phusion Passenger is a trademark of Hongli Lai & Ninh Bui.

6.3 目录$CYN_DOWNLOAD下的文件列表

actionmailer-2.3.11.gem
actionmailer-2.3.5.gem
actionpack-2.3.11.gem
actionpack-2.3.5.gem
activerecord-2.3.11.gem
activerecord-2.3.5.gem
activeresource-2.3.11.gem
activeresource-2.3.5.gem
activesupport-2.3.11.gem
activesupport-2.3.5.gem
httpd-2.2.21.tar.gz
i18n-0.4.2.gem
mysql-5.1.60-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz
mysql-5.1.60-linux-x86_64-glibc23.tar.gz
mysql-ruby-2.8.2.tar.gz
openssl-0.9.8k.tar.gz
passenger-3.0.11.tar.gz
rack-1.0.1.gem
rack-1.1.1.gem
rails-2.3.11.gem
rails-2.3.5.gem
rake-0.8.7.gem
redmine-1.2.2.tar.gz
ruby-1.8.7-p174.tar.gz
rubygems-1.3.7.tgz
rubygems-1.6.2.tgz
zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz