Android跨进程通信会用到AIDL,当然跨进程通信不一定要用AIDL,像广播也是可以的,当然这里用到AIDL相对比较安全一些;
AIDL允许传递基本数据类型(Java 的原生类型如int/long/char/boolean/double/float/String、CharSequence、List和Map、)、实现android.os.Parcelable 接口的对象类
两个实例来验证一下AIDL
1.创建一个提供AIDL服务的AIDL_Test_Server,新建AIDL接口IRemoteService,在接口中定义方法
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server; /** *远程AIDL服务接口 **/ interface IRemoteService { /** *定义接口方法 */ int add(int a,int b); }
2.在AIDL_Test_Server中创建服务
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; /** * Author:JsonLu * DateTime:2016/2/25 10:59 * Email:jsonlu@qq.com * Desc: **/ public class RemoteService extends Service { private IBinder iBinder = new IRemoteService.Stub() { @Override public int add(int a, int b) throws RemoteException { return a + b; } }; @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return iBinder; } }
配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="cn.jsonlu.aidl.server"> <application android:allowBackup="true" android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@style/AppTheme"> <activity android:name=".MainActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <service android:name=".RemoteService" android:exported="true"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.IRemoteService" /> </intent-filter> </service> </application> </manifest>
3.创建一个使用AIDL服务的AIDL_Test_Client,将AIDL_Test_Server中的.aidl文件复制到AIDL_Test_Client中(接口包名必须一致)
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.client; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.ComponentName; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.ServiceConnection; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.IBinder; import android.os.RemoteException; import android.view.View; import android.widget.EditText; import cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.IRemoteService; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private EditText a, b, c; private IRemoteService aidl; private boolean bindFlag = false; private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() { @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { aidl = IRemoteService.Stub.asInterface(service); } @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) { aidl = null; } }; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); init(); bindService(); } private void init() { a = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_a); b = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_b); c = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.num_c); } public void onClick(View v) { if (!bindFlag) { bindService(); } else { int sum = 0; try { sum = aidl.add(Integer.parseInt(a.getText().toString()), Integer.parseInt(b.getText().toString())); } catch (RemoteException e) { System.out.println("AIDL错误"); } c.setText(String.valueOf(sum)); } } private void bindService() { Intent intent = new Intent(IRemoteService.class.getName()); intent.setClassName("cn.jsonlu.aidl.server", "cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.RemoteService"); bindFlag = bindService(intent, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE); if (!bindFlag) { System.out.println("AIDL未绑定成功"); } /* //打开其他APP页面 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN); intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER); ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("cn.jsonlu.aidl.server", "cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.MainActivity"); intent.setComponent(cn); startActivity(intent); */ } }
4.AIDL传递对象需要实现Parcelable接口
新建Bean实体类
package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server; import android.os.Parcel; import android.os.Parcelable; /** * Author:JsonLu * DateTime:2016/2/25 13:33 * Email:jsonlu@qq.com * Desc: **/ public class Person implements Parcelable { private int age; private String name; public Person(int age, String name) { this.age = age; this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } protected Person(Parcel in) { readFromParcel(in); } public static final Creator<Person> CREATOR = new Creator<Person>() { @Override public Person createFromParcel(Parcel in) { return new Person(in); } @Override public Person[] newArray(int size) { return new Person[size]; } }; @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; } @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) { dest.writeString(name); dest.writeInt(age); } //注意读取变量和写入变量的顺序应该一致 不然得不到正确的结果 public void readFromParcel(Parcel source) { name = source.readString(); age = source.readInt(); } }
新建Person.aidl文件
// Person.aidl package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server; parcelable Person;
修改IRemoteService.aidl文件
// IRemoteService.aidl package cn.jsonlu.aidl.server; import cn.jsonlu.aidl.server.Person; // Declare any non-default types here with import statements interface IRemoteService { //计算两数的和 int add(int a,int b); //传递对象 Person getPerson(); }