[python]selenium常用的操作

浏览器

1.火狐浏览器

br = webdriver.Firefox()
#最大化窗口
br.maximize_window()
br.get('http://baidu.com')

  

2.谷歌浏览器

br = webdriver.Chrome()
#最大化窗口
br.maximize_window()
br.get('http://baidu.com')

  

3.谷歌浏览器并且设置指定的下载目录,后面断言是否下载到本地

options=webdriver.ChromeOptions()
path=os.path.abspath("..")#表示当前所处的文件夹上一级文件夹的绝对路径
filepath=path+"\PullFile"
prefs={'profile.default_content_settings.popups':0,'download.default_directory':filepath}
options.add_experimental_option('prefs',prefs)

br=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
br.maximize_window()
br.get(http://www.baidu.com)

  

4.PhantomJS浏览器,无界面的执行用例~

br = webdriver.PhantomJS()
br.maximize_window()
br.get("http://www.baidu.com")

  

4.1 谷歌无头浏览器,相当于PhantomJS

            chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
            chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')

            chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')
            driver=webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
            driver.maximize_window()

  

操作

1.点击动作

driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).click()
driver.find_element_by_name(Location_element).click()
driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element).click()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(Location_element).click()

2.输入动作,也可以作为上传文件使用

driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)
driver.find_element_by_name(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)
driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)

 

3.选择select下拉框的值, Input_content给下拉框option的value值

Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element)).select_by_value(Input_content)
Select(driver.find_element_by_name(Location_element)).select_by_value(Input_content)
Select(driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element)).select_by_value(Input_content)
Select(driver.find_element_by_css_selector(Location_element)).select_by_value(Input_content)

  

4.强制等待

time.sleep(2)

  

5.智能等待,一直等元素出来再操作, 30是设置的超时时间

driver.implicitly_wait(30)

  

6.悬浮操作

_ele_key = driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element)  #目标元素
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(_ele_key).perform() #悬浮

_ele_key = driver.find_element_by_name(Location_element)  #目标元素
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(_ele_key).perform() #悬浮

_ele_key = driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element)  #目标元素
ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(_ele_key).perform() #悬浮

 _ele_key = driver.find_element_by_css_selector(Location_element)#目标元素
 ActionChains(driver).move_to_element(_ele_key).perform()#悬浮

  

7.js弹窗确认/取消/输入值确认或取消

        #  js弹窗确认/取消/输入值确认或取消   Location_element指定义的操作,Input_content指需要输入的文本
        def _prompts_js_key(self,driver,Location_element, Input_content):

            # 拿到页面alert
            dialog_box = driver.switch_to_alert()
            time.sleep(2)
            # 这个判断给需要输入的提示框
            if Location_element == u'确认' and Input_content != '':
                text = str(Input_content)
                dialog_box.send_keys(Input_content)
                time.sleep(2)
                dialog_box.accept()
                time.sleep(2)

            if Location_element == u'取消' and Input_content != '':
                dialog_box.dismiss()
                time.sleep(2)

            #这两个判断是单纯只有确认 取消或确认的提示床
            elif Location_element == u'确认' and Input_content == '':
                dialog_box.accept()
                time.sleep(2)

            elif Location_element == u'取消' and Input_content == '':
                dialog_box.dismiss()
                time.sleep(2)

            else:
                pass

  

8.Autoit通过执行exe上传文件

paths=test._Autoit_file(exe_path)
time.sleep(1)
os.system(paths)
time.sleep(1)

  

9.切入iframe  #给iframe的元素(支持id name xpath...)

time.sleep(1)
driver.switch_to.frame(driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element)) #给iframe的元素 time.sleep(1)

  

10.切出iframe

driver.switch_to_default_content()

 

11.断言 预期和实际对比下

        def _find_value_key(self,driver,Positioning_mode,Location_element,Input_content,output):

            if Positioning_mode == self.Location_xpath:
                #取实际元素的值
                value = driver.find_element_by_xpath(Location_element).text
                value = value.encode("utf-8")
                value = str(value)
                # text=str(text)
                test=StringManipulation
                Input_content = test._filter_value(Input_content)

                if isinstance(Input_content, int):
                    Input_content = str(Input_content)
                    Input_content = Input_content + 'X'
                    value = value + 'X'

                if isinstance(Input_content, float):
                    Input_content = str(Input_content)
                    Input_content = Input_content + 'X'
                    value = value + 'X'

                text = Input_content.encode("utf-8")
                text = str(text)

                if value == text:
                    print(output,"-----TRUE")
                    ActualResults=('True')
                    return ActualResults
                else:
                    print '--------------------------------------'
                    print ('预期结果',text)
                    print ('实际结果',value)
                    print('')
                    print ('实际结果和预期不匹配')
                    print '--------------------------------------'
                    driver.quit()
                    ActualResults='False'
                    return ActualResults
            else:
                print("find目前只用xpath定位方式")

  

12.回车操作

driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

  

13.清除文本框值操作

driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).clear()

  

14.写个方法,在下载文件后,判断又没有下载到本地

# 得到目录文件
        def file_name(self, file_dir):
            for root, dirs, name in os.walk(file_dir):
                return name

        # 查看是否有文件
        def list_none(self, value):
            if value:
                return 'True'
            else:
                return 'False'

        # 断言是否下载文件成功
        def find_file_key(self,driver,output):

            test_exc=StringManipulation._pull_file()

            files = self.file_name(test_exc)
            list_value = self.list_none(files)

            if list_value == 'True':

                filename = test_exc + files[0]
                os.remove(filename)
                print(output,"-----TRUE")
                ActualRresults='True'
                print '下载成功,文件名是', files[0], '因为需要初始化,正在删除此文件.....'
                return ActualRresults

            else:
                    print '指定的目录没有查询到下载的文件'

                    ActualResults='False'
                    driver.quit()
                    return ActualResults

  

15.当时间选择框不可输入,那么改下js的写进去

        # 当时间控件不可输入时,需要用js去除removeAttribute属性再把值写进去
        #Positioning_mode==定位方式,Location_element==元素,Input_content输入内容(时间)
        def _time_js_input(self,driver,Positioning_mode,Location_element,Input_content):

            time.sleep(1)
            elements=r"'"+Location_element+"'"
            if Positioning_mode==self.Location_id:
                jsa = "document.getElementById("+elements+").removeAttribute('readonly')"
                driver.execute_script(jsa)
                if isinstance(Input_content,float):
                    Input_content=int(Input_content)
                    Input_content=str(Input_content)
                    driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)
                    time.sleep(1)
                else:
                    driver.find_element_by_id(Location_element).send_keys(Input_content)
                    time.sleep(1)
            else:
                print('对于时间空间暂时先写id方法,后面用到其他在Underlyingkeyword.py维护')

  

后续有其他操作再补吧~

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Jack-cx/p/9359636.html