ORA-27101:shared memory realm does not exist的问题

登陆SQLPlus时出现：

ORA-01034：ORACLE not avaiable

ORA-27101 : shared memory realm does not exist

Process ID：0

Session ID：0 Serial Number：0

解决办法一：

1、[oracle@wpj ~]$sqlplus / nolog;

2、用SYS用户登录：[oracle@wpj ~]$ conn / as sysdba

3、启动打开目录：/u01/app/oracle/admin/TJDB/pfile，会发现里面有一个文件：init.ora.8302015171924，这是Oracle最后一次成功启动时备份的启动文件。

create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/admin/TJDB/pfile/init.ora.8302015171924；

4、打开数据库 startup

5、

[oracle@wpj ~]$sqlplus/nolog;

[oracle@wpj ~]$conn / as sysdba；

[oracle@wpj ~]$create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/admin/TJDB/pfile/init.ora.8302015171924；

[oracle@wpj ~]$startup

解决方法二：

1、查看环境变量.bash_profile文件如下，查看oracle 实例名，通常是由于实例名的变量与TNS、LISTENER中的不一致导致的。

[oracle@wpj ~]$ vi ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/admin
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
export JAVA_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk
export ORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/lib:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH

2、修改 listener.ora

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
    )
)

LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.8.205.140)(PORT = 1521))
    )
)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

3、修改 tnsnames.ora

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.8.205.140)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
)

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
)