WPF 10天修炼第五天- 内容控件

WPF内容控件

　　在WPF中，所有呈现在用户界面上的对象都称为用户界面元素。但是只有派生自System.Windows.Controls.Control类的对象才称为控件。内容控件通常是指具有Content属性的控件，Content属性并非定义在每个控件中，而是定义在基类System.Windows.Controls命名空间的ContentControl类中。注意：Content属性只接收单个内容元素。

WPF内容控件分类

1、直接继承ContentControl的控件

2、继承HeaderedContentControl的控件

3、继承ItemsControl的控件

4、继承HeaderedItemsControl的控件

直接继承ContentControl的控件

　　也可以成为单项内容控件，这种控件只能指定一个内容元素。WPF中包含的单项内容控件：

　　Button：按钮控件

　　CheckBox：复选框控件

　　ComboBoxItem：单选框列表项

　　ContentControl：内容控件的基类

　　Frame：页框架

　　GridViewColumnHeader：按钮控件的标题头

　　GroupItem：组合框的组合项。

　　Label：标签控件。

　　ListBoxItem：列表项。

　　ListViewItem：列表视图项。

　　NavigationWindow：导航窗口。

　　RadioButton：单选按钮。

　　RepeatButton：重复按钮。

　　ScrollViewer：滚动查看器，或称为滚动面板。

　　StatusBarItem：状态项。

　　ToggleButton：选中按钮。

　　ToolTip：提示控件。

　　UserControl：用户控件。

　　Window：WPF窗口

继承HeaderedContentControl的控件

这类控件包含一个标头和一个内容项目。HeaderedContentControl类派生自ContentControl，继承了其Content属性，同时又定了类型Object的Header属性。Header提供了控件的标头。WPF中包含的这类控件有3个：

Exapander：带标题的折叠控件。

GroupBox：组合框控件。

TabItem：这是TabControl控件内的一个Tab项。

继承ItemsControl的控件

这类控件包含一个内容项的集合。例如ListBox控件就是一个典型的ItemsControl控件，该控件具有ListBxItem内容项的集合。

继承HeaderedItemsControl的控件

该类控件包含一个标头和一个内容项的集合。HeaderedItemsControl类继承ItemsControl类。在WPF中有3个这种类型的控件。

MenuItem：菜单项控件。

ToolBar：工具条控件。

TreeviewItem：树状图。

Content属性

WPF中的Content属性可接收的对象分为两大类：

1、继承自UIElement基类的对象：UIElement定义了WPF中的布局、输入及路由等。是WPF的核心子系统。这种类型的对象具有可视化特性，WPF将使用UIElement.OnRedner方法来显示派生自该类的对象，OnRender方法将生成一个绘图呈现，在需要时进行绘制。

2、继承自其他类的对象：WPF的处理方法很简单，通过调用该对象的ToString方法来显示一行文本。

内容容器控件

ScrollViewer滚动条控件

<Window x:Class="WPFDemo.ScrollViewerDemo"
 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFDemo"
 
        mc:Ignorable="d"
 
        WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen"
 
        Title="ScrollViewerDemo" Height="300" Width="300">
 
    <ScrollViewer>
 
        <Grid Height="400">
 
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
            <Button Name="button1" Content="button1" Grid.Row="0"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button2" Content="button2" Grid.Row="1"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button3" Content="button3" Grid.Row="2"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button4" Content="button4" Grid.Row="3"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button5" Content="button5" Grid.Row="4"></Button>
 
        </Grid>
 
    </ScrollViewer>
 
</Window>

默认情况下ScrollViewer总是显示一个垂直的滚动条。可以通过调整VerticalScrollBarVisibility属性来设置滚动条的显示方式。也可以使用HorizontalScrollBarVisibility属性设置水平滚动条的显示方式。

<ScrollViewer  Width="100">
 
        <Grid Height="400">
 
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
            <Button Name="button1" Content="button1" Grid.Row="0" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button2" Content="button2" Grid.Row="1" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button3" Content="button3" Grid.Row="2" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button4" Content="button4" Grid.Row="3" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button5" Content="button5" Grid.Row="4" Width="200"></Button>
 
        </Grid>
 
    </ScrollViewer>

设置横向滚动条显示

<ScrollViewer  Width="100" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
 
        <Grid Height="400">
 
            <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
                <RowDefinition />
 
            </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
            <Button Name="button1" Content="button1" Grid.Row="0" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button2" Content="button2" Grid.Row="1" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button3" Content="button3" Grid.Row="2" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button4" Content="button4" Grid.Row="3" Width="200"></Button>
 
            <Button Name="button5" Content="button5" Grid.Row="4" Width="200"></Button>
 
        </Grid>
 
    </ScrollViewer>

HorizontalScrollBarVisibility属性和VerticalScrollBarVisibility这两个属性都是ScrollBarVisibility枚举类型的值。下表是ScrollBarVisibility枚举值：

枚举值	描述
Disabled	禁止显示滚动条，即使当前视图区域无法显示所有内容，滚动条也不出现
Auto	当前视图区域可以容纳所有内容时，不显示滚动条，否则自动显示滚动条。
Hidden	隐藏滚动条的显示，但是用户可以通过键盘等进行滚动。该属性主要用于自定义滚动方式。
Visible	无论如何滚动条都会显示。

使用下面实例演示ScrollViewer自定义滚动

<Window x:Class="WPFDemo.ScrollViewerDemo_CustomPage"
 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFDemo"
 
        mc:Ignorable="d"
 
        Title="ScrollViewerDemo_CustomPage" Height="300" Width="300">
 
    <DockPanel Background="AliceBlue">
 
        <TextBlock DockPanel.Dock="Top" Text="ScrollViewer 自定义滚动" FontSize="20" Background="AntiqueWhite" Margin="10"></TextBlock>
 
        <TextBlock DockPanel.Dock="Top" Text="使用左侧按钮进行翻页" FontSize="20" Background="AntiqueWhite" Margin="10"></TextBlock>
 
        <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Left" Width="150" Background="Aqua">
 
            <Button Name="btnLineUp" Content="向上滚动"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineUp_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineDown" Content="向下滚动"  Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineDown_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineLeft" Content="向左滚动"  Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineLeft_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineRight" Content="向右滚动" Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineRight_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnPageUp" Content="向上翻页"    Margin="10,30,10,10" Padding="10" Click="btnPageUp_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnPageDown" Content="向上翻页"  Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnPageDown_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnPageLeft" Content="向左翻页"  Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnPageLeft_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnPageRight" Content="向右翻页" Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnPageRight_Click" />
 
        </StackPanel>
 
        <StackPanel DockPanel.Dock="Left" Width="150" Background="Aqua">
 
            <Button Name="btnLineHome" Content="回到首行"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineHome_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineEnd" Content="回到尾行"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineEnd_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnColumnHome" Content="回到首列"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnColumnHome_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnColumnEnd" Content="回到尾列"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnColumnEnd_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineOffsetUp" Content="向下偏移3个单位"    Margin="10,30,10,10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineOffsetUp_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnColumnOffsetRight" Content="向右偏移3个单位"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnColumnOffsetRight_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnLineOffsetDown" Content="向上偏移3个单位"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnLineOffsetDown_Click" />
 
            <Button Name="btnColumnOffsetLeft" Content="向左偏移3个单位"    Margin="10" Padding="10" Click="btnColumnOffsetLeft_Click" />
 
        </StackPanel>
 
        <Border Width="500" Height="400" BorderThickness="2" Background="Beige"  VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
 
            <ScrollViewer Name="SVText" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible">
 
                <TextBlock Name="txtText" Width="800" Height="900" TextWrapping="Wrap"></TextBlock>
 
            </ScrollViewer>
 
        </Border>
 
    </DockPanel>
 
</Window>

添加后台代码

namespace WPFDemo
{
    /// <summary>
    /// ScrollViewerDemo_CustomPage.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class ScrollViewerDemo_CustomPage : Window
    {
        public ScrollViewerDemo_CustomPage()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            BindText();
        }
        public void BindText()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
            {
                txtText.Text += i + "
";
            }
        }
 
        private void btnLineUp_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.LineUp();
        }
          
        private void btnLineDown_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.LineDown();
        }
 
        private void btnLineLeft_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.LineLeft();
        }
 
        private void btnLineRight_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.LineRight();
        }
          
        private void btnPageUp_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.PageUp();
        }
 
        private void btnPageDown_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.PageDown();
        }
 
        private void btnPageLeft_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.PageLeft();
        }
 
        private void btnPageRight_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.PageRight();
        }
 
        private void btnLineHome_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToHome();
        }
 
        private void btnLineEnd_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToEnd();
        }
 
        private void btnColumnHome_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToLeftEnd();
        }
 
        private void btnColumnEnd_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToRightEnd();
        }
 
        private void btnLineOffsetUp_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToVerticalOffset(SVText.VerticalOffset + 3);
        }
 
        private void btnColumnOffsetRight_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToHorizontalOffset(SVText.HorizontalOffset + 3);
        }
 
        private void btnLineOffsetDown_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToVerticalOffset(SVText.VerticalOffset - 3);
        }
 
        private void btnColumnOffsetLeft_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            SVText.ScrollToHorizontalOffset(SVText.HorizontalOffset - 3);
        }
    }
}

GroupBox组合框

<Window x:Class="WPFDemo.GroupBoxDemo"
 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFDemo"
 
        mc:Ignorable="d"
 
        Title="GroupBoxDemo" Height="300" Width="300">
 
    <Grid>
 
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
            <RowDefinition />
 
            <RowDefinition />
 
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
        <GroupBox Header="GroupBox组合框" Grid.Row="0" Margin="20">
 
            <StackPanel>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="10">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="10">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="10">选项3</CheckBox>
 
            </StackPanel>
 
        </GroupBox>
 
        <GroupBox Header="GroupBox组合框2" Grid.Row="1" Margin="20">
 
            <StackPanel>
 
                <RadioButton Margin="10">选项1</RadioButton>
 
                <RadioButton Margin="10">选项2</RadioButton>
 
                <RadioButton Margin="10">选项3</RadioButton>
 
            </StackPanel>
 
        </GroupBox>
 
    </Grid>
 
</Window>

TabItem标签页控件

<Window x:Class="WPFDemo.TabItemDemo"
 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFDemo"
 
        mc:Ignorable="d"
 
        Title="TabItemDemo" Height="300" Width="300">
 
    <Grid>
 
        <TabControl>
 
            <TabItem Header="选项卡1">
 
                <StackPanel>
 
                    <CheckBox  Margin="5">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                    <CheckBox  Margin="5">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                    <CheckBox  Margin="5">选项3</CheckBox>
 
                </StackPanel>
 
            </TabItem>
 
            <TabItem Header="选项卡2" IsSelected="True">
 
                <Grid>
 
                    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
                        <RowDefinition/>
 
                        <RowDefinition/>
 
                    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
                    <GroupBox Header="GroupBox1" Margin="10" Grid.Row="0">
 
                        <StackPanel>
 
                            <CheckBox Margin="5">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                            <CheckBox Margin="5">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                            <CheckBox Margin="5">选项3</CheckBox>
 
                        </StackPanel>
 
                    </GroupBox>
 
                    <GroupBox Header="GroupBox2" Margin="10" Grid.Row="1">
 
                        <StackPanel>
 
                            <RadioButton Margin="5">选项1</RadioButton>
 
                            <RadioButton Margin="5">选项2</RadioButton>
 
                            <RadioButton Margin="5">选项3</RadioButton>
 
                        </StackPanel>
 
                    </GroupBox>
 
                </Grid>
 
            </TabItem>
 
            <TabItem Header="选项卡3">
 
                <StackPanel>
 
                    <RadioButton  Margin="5">选项1</RadioButton>
 
                    <RadioButton  Margin="5">选项2</RadioButton>
 
                    <RadioButton  Margin="5">选项3</RadioButton>
 
                </StackPanel>
 
            </TabItem>
 
        </TabControl>
 
    </Grid>
 
</Window>

Expander可折叠控件

属性：

IsExpanded:获取和设置Expander控件的折叠状态。

ExpandDirection：获取或设置Expander控件内容展开的方向。枚举值：包含Up、Down、Left、Right，分别为上下左右。

事件：

Collapsed：当Expander折叠时，在内容实际被收起前触发该事件。

Expanded：当Expander展开时，在内容实际被显示前触发该事件。

<Window x:Class="WPFDemo.ExpanderDemo"
 
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFDemo"
 
        mc:Ignorable="d"
 
        Title="ExpanderDemo" Height="300" Width="300">
 
    <Grid>
 
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
 
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
 
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
 
            <RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
 
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
 
        <Expander Header="折叠菜单1" Grid.Row="0" Background="AliceBlue"   >
 
            <StackPanel>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项3</CheckBox>
 
            </StackPanel>
 
        </Expander>
 
        <Expander Header="折叠菜单2" Grid.Row="1"  Background="Aqua" IsExpanded="True">
 
            <StackPanel>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项3</CheckBox>
 
            </StackPanel>
 
        </Expander>
 
        <Expander Header="展开我时我才加载内容，折叠回去我清空内容" Grid.Row="2" Background="Beige"  Collapsed="Expander_Collapsed" Expanded="Expander_Expanded">
 
            <ScrollViewer MaxHeight="120" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled">
 
                <TextBlock Name="txtText"></TextBlock>
 
            </ScrollViewer>
 
        </Expander>
 
        <Expander Grid.Row="3" Background="Beige" >
 
            <Expander.Header>
 
                <StackPanel>
 
                    <TextBlock>我是自定义折叠菜单Header</TextBlock>
 
                    <Button>在Header中添加按钮</Button>
 
                </StackPanel>
 
            </Expander.Header>
 
            <StackPanel>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项1</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项2</CheckBox>
 
                <CheckBox Margin="5">选项3</CheckBox>
 
            </StackPanel>
 
        </Expander>
 
    </Grid>
 
</Window>

WPF 10天修炼 第五天- 内容控件

WPF内容控件

WPF 10天修炼第五天- 内容控件