参考了一些网络上的资料，做了个简单程序，使用python接收邮件并保存到mysql中。
代码
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name: 接收邮件模块
# Purpose:
#
# Author: garfield
#
# Created: 15-02-2011
# Copyright: (c) garfield 2011
# Licence: <your licence>
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#_*_encoding:utf-8_*_
####源代码用来接收邮件
import MySQLdb
import time
import poplib
import pickle
import email,string,sys,os
from email.Header import Header
from email.Header import decode_header
from time import strptime, strftime
ISOTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %X"
#定义数据库常量
MySQL_Server="localhost"
MySQL_User="root"
MySQL_Password="****"
MySQL_Database="Python"
#定义邮件服务器常量
POP3Sever='pop3.sina.com'
POP3User='mailuser'
POP3Password='*****'
CurMailID=-1
#取信息编码
def get_charset(message, default="ascii"):
#Get the message charset
return message.get_charset()
return default
def SaveMail(Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo):
#save mail info to mysql
Sender=MySQLdb.escape_string(Sender)
Receiver=MySQLdb.escape_string(Receiver)
Subject=MySQLdb.escape_string(Subject)
TextContent=MySQLdb.escape_string(TextContent)
HTMLContent=MySQLdb.escape_string(HTMLContent)
OriginalMailinfo=MySQLdb.escape_string(OriginalMailinfo)
conn = MySQLdb.connect(MySQL_Server,MySQL_User,MySQL_Password,MySQL_Database,port=3306,connect_timeout=10,compress=True,charset='utf8',use_unicode=True)
cursor=conn.cursor()
vsql="insert into mail(Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo) values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')" % (Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo) ;
vsql = vsql.encode('utf8')
cursor.execute(vsql)#一条SQL语句
vsql = "SELECT max(id) from mail"
cursor.execute(vsql)
CurMailID=cursor.fetchone()[0]
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
def SaveMailAtta(vMailID,vFileName,Content,IsInline):
vFileName=MySQLdb.escape_string(vFileName)
Content=MySQLdb.escape_string(Content)
conn = MySQLdb.connect(MySQL_Server,MySQL_User,MySQL_Password,MySQL_Database,port=3306,connect_timeout=10,compress=True,charset='utf8',use_unicode=True)
cursor=conn.cursor()
vsql="insert into mailatta(mailid,filename,content,isinline) values('%s','%s','%s','%s')" % (vMailID,vFileName,Content,IsInline) ;
vsql = vsql.encode('utf8')
cursor.execute(vsql)#一条SQL语句
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
#解析邮件
def ParseMail(mail):
textplain=''
texthtml=''
atta={}
if mail.is_multipart():
for par in mail.walk():
if not par.is_multipart(): # 这里要判断是否是multipart，是的话，里面的数据是无用的，至于为什么可以了解mime相关知识。
name = par.get_param("name") #如果是附件，这里就会取出附件的文件名
if name:
#有附件
# 下面的三行代码只是为了解码象=?gbk?Q?=CF=E0=C6=AC.rar?=这样的文件名
h = email.Header.Header(name)
dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
fname = dh[0][0]
#print '有附件'+fname
data = par.get_payload(decode=True) # 解码出附件数据，然后存储到文件中
atta[fname]=data
"""
try:
f = open(fname, 'wb') #注意一定要用wb来打开文件，因为附件一般都是二进制文件
except:
print '附件名有非法字符，自动换一个'
f = open('aaaa', 'wb')
f.write(data)
f.close()
"""
else:
#不是附件，是文本内容
content_type=par.get_content_type()
charset = get_charset(par)
if content_type in ['text/plain']:
if charset==None:
textplain=par.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
textplain=par.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset)
if content_type in ['text/html']:
if charset==None:
texthtml=par.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
texthtml=par.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset)
else:
type=mail.get_content_charset()
if type==None:
textplain=mail.get_payload()
else:
try:
textplain=unicode(mail.get_payload('base64'),type)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
textplain='Error'
return (textplain,texthtml,atta)
def main():
t=time.strftime( ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())
popClient=poplib.POP3(POP3Sever)
popClient.set_debuglevel(1)
popClient.user(POP3User)
popClient.pass_(POP3Password)
numMsgs,mboxSize=popClient.stat()
for id in range (numMsgs):
hdr,message,octet=popClient.retr(id+1)
mail=email.message_from_string(string.join(message, '\n'))
subject=mail.get("subject")
h = email.Header.Header(subject)
dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
subject = dh[0][0]
FromAddr=email.utils.parseaddr(mail['from'])[1]
ToAddr=email.utils.parseaddr(mail['To'])[1]
mdate=mail.get('date') #'Wed, 16 Feb 2011 14:34:44 +0800'
mdate=mdate[0:len(mdate)-6]
#:取邮件中的时间进行处理
md= mktime(strptime(mdate,"%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S"))
MailDate=time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT,time.localtime(md))
originalmailinfo=mail.as_string()
TextContent,HTMLContent,MailAtta=ParseMail(mail)
#保存邮件
SaveMail(FromAddr,ToAddr,subject,MailDate,MailDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,originalmailinfo)
#保存邮件附件
#for fk in MailAtta.keys():
# SaveMailAtta(CurMailID,fk,MailAtta[fk],False)
popClient.quit()
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
# Name: 接收邮件模块
# Purpose:
#
# Author: garfield
#
# Created: 15-02-2011
# Copyright: (c) garfield 2011
# Licence: <your licence>
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#_*_encoding:utf-8_*_
####源代码用来接收邮件
import MySQLdb
import time
import poplib
import pickle
import email,string,sys,os
from email.Header import Header
from email.Header import decode_header
from time import strptime, strftime
ISOTIMEFORMAT="%Y-%m-%d %X"
#定义数据库常量
MySQL_Server="localhost"
MySQL_User="root"
MySQL_Password="****"
MySQL_Database="Python"
#定义邮件服务器常量
POP3Sever='pop3.sina.com'
POP3User='mailuser'
POP3Password='*****'
CurMailID=-1
#取信息编码
def get_charset(message, default="ascii"):
#Get the message charset
return message.get_charset()
return default
def SaveMail(Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo):
#save mail info to mysql
Sender=MySQLdb.escape_string(Sender)
Receiver=MySQLdb.escape_string(Receiver)
Subject=MySQLdb.escape_string(Subject)
TextContent=MySQLdb.escape_string(TextContent)
HTMLContent=MySQLdb.escape_string(HTMLContent)
OriginalMailinfo=MySQLdb.escape_string(OriginalMailinfo)
conn = MySQLdb.connect(MySQL_Server,MySQL_User,MySQL_Password,MySQL_Database,port=3306,connect_timeout=10,compress=True,charset='utf8',use_unicode=True)
cursor=conn.cursor()
vsql="insert into mail(Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo) values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')" % (Sender,Receiver,Subject,SendDate,ReceiveDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,OriginalMailinfo) ;
vsql = vsql.encode('utf8')
cursor.execute(vsql)#一条SQL语句
vsql = "SELECT max(id) from mail"
cursor.execute(vsql)
CurMailID=cursor.fetchone()[0]
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
def SaveMailAtta(vMailID,vFileName,Content,IsInline):
vFileName=MySQLdb.escape_string(vFileName)
Content=MySQLdb.escape_string(Content)
conn = MySQLdb.connect(MySQL_Server,MySQL_User,MySQL_Password,MySQL_Database,port=3306,connect_timeout=10,compress=True,charset='utf8',use_unicode=True)
cursor=conn.cursor()
vsql="insert into mailatta(mailid,filename,content,isinline) values('%s','%s','%s','%s')" % (vMailID,vFileName,Content,IsInline) ;
vsql = vsql.encode('utf8')
cursor.execute(vsql)#一条SQL语句
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
#解析邮件
def ParseMail(mail):
textplain=''
texthtml=''
atta={}
if mail.is_multipart():
for par in mail.walk():
if not par.is_multipart(): # 这里要判断是否是multipart，是的话，里面的数据是无用的，至于为什么可以了解mime相关知识。
name = par.get_param("name") #如果是附件，这里就会取出附件的文件名
if name:
#有附件
# 下面的三行代码只是为了解码象=?gbk?Q?=CF=E0=C6=AC.rar?=这样的文件名
h = email.Header.Header(name)
dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
fname = dh[0][0]
#print '有附件'+fname
data = par.get_payload(decode=True) # 解码出附件数据，然后存储到文件中
atta[fname]=data
"""
try:
f = open(fname, 'wb') #注意一定要用wb来打开文件，因为附件一般都是二进制文件
except:
print '附件名有非法字符，自动换一个'
f = open('aaaa', 'wb')
f.write(data)
f.close()
"""
else:
#不是附件，是文本内容
content_type=par.get_content_type()
charset = get_charset(par)
if content_type in ['text/plain']:
if charset==None:
textplain=par.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
textplain=par.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset)
if content_type in ['text/html']:
if charset==None:
texthtml=par.get_payload(decode=True)
else:
texthtml=par.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset)
else:
type=mail.get_content_charset()
if type==None:
textplain=mail.get_payload()
else:
try:
textplain=unicode(mail.get_payload('base64'),type)
except UnicodeDecodeError:
textplain='Error'
return (textplain,texthtml,atta)
def main():
t=time.strftime( ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime())
popClient=poplib.POP3(POP3Sever)
popClient.set_debuglevel(1)
popClient.user(POP3User)
popClient.pass_(POP3Password)
numMsgs,mboxSize=popClient.stat()
for id in range (numMsgs):
hdr,message,octet=popClient.retr(id+1)
mail=email.message_from_string(string.join(message, '\n'))
subject=mail.get("subject")
h = email.Header.Header(subject)
dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
subject = dh[0][0]
FromAddr=email.utils.parseaddr(mail['from'])[1]
ToAddr=email.utils.parseaddr(mail['To'])[1]
mdate=mail.get('date') #'Wed, 16 Feb 2011 14:34:44 +0800'
mdate=mdate[0:len(mdate)-6]
#:取邮件中的时间进行处理
md= mktime(strptime(mdate,"%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S"))
MailDate=time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT,time.localtime(md))
originalmailinfo=mail.as_string()
TextContent,HTMLContent,MailAtta=ParseMail(mail)
#保存邮件
SaveMail(FromAddr,ToAddr,subject,MailDate,MailDate,TextContent,HTMLContent,originalmailinfo)
#保存邮件附件
#for fk in MailAtta.keys():
# SaveMailAtta(CurMailID,fk,MailAtta[fk],False)
popClient.quit()
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
但附件因为是二进制文件，所以保存到数据库中时需要序列化或进行其他处理，所以以上程序中的附件还不能这么简单地进行保存，需要进一步修改。
MySQL数据库脚本：
--
-- 表的结构 `mail`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mail` (
`ID` int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`Sender` text,
`Receiver` text,
`SendDate` datetime default NULL,
`ReceiveDate` datetime default NULL,
`Subject` varchar(500) default NULL,
`TextContent` text,
`HTMLContent` text,
`OriginalMailInfo` text,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=546 ;
--
--
-- 表的结构 `mailatta`
--
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `mailatta` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`MailID` int(11) NOT NULL,
`filename` varchar(200) NOT NULL,
`isinline` tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
`conent` blob NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;