传送门：http://acm.tzc.edu.cn/acmhome/problemdetail.do?&method=showdetail&id=1698
时间限制(普通/Java):5000MS/50000MS 内存限制:65536KByte
描述
For the daily milking, Farmer John's N cows (1 ≤ N ≤ 50,000) always line up in the same order. One day Farmer John decides to organize a game of Ultimate Frisbee with some of the cows. To keep things simple, he will take a contiguous range of cows from the milking lineup to play the game. However, for all the cows to have fun they should not differ too much in height.
Farmer John has made a list of Q (1 ≤ Q ≤ 200,000) potential groups of cows and their heights (1 ≤ height ≤ 1,000,000). For each group, he wants your help to determine the difference in height between the shortest and the tallest cow in the group.
输入
Line 1: Two space-separated integers, N and Q.
Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 contains a single integer that is the height of cow i
Lines N+2..N+Q+1: Two integers A and B (1 ≤ A ≤ B ≤ N), representing the range of cows from A to B inclusive.
输出
Lines 1..Q: Each line contains a single integer that is a response to a reply and indicates the difference in height between the tallest and shortest cow in the range.
样例输入
6 3
1
7
3
4
2
5
1 5
4 6
2 2
样例输出
6
3
0
思路：题目大意就是，给n个数m个查询，下面行输入n个数。m行输入m个查询，查询最大值和最小值的差。
rmq-st模板题。拿来练手的。作为丢人的初学线段树选手，也附上手打的线段树代码。
RMQ-ST代码：
#include<iostream> #include<algorithm> #include<cstdio> #include<cstring> #include<string> #include<cstdlib> #include<cmath> #include<stack> #include<queue> #include<set> #include<map> #include<vector> #define LL long long #include<assert.h> using namespace std; int a[50001],dm[100000][20],dx[100000][20]; void rmq(int num){ for(int i = 0 ; i < num ; i++){ dm[i][0] = dx[i][0] = a[i]; } for(int j = 1 ; (1<<j) <= num ; j++){ for(int i = 0 ;i+(1<<j)-1 < num ;i ++){ dx[i][j] = max(dx[i][j-1],dx[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]); dm[i][j] = min(dm[i][j-1],dm[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]); } } } int qmax(int st,int ed){ int k = 0; while((1<<(k+1))<= ed - st + 1)k++; return max(dx[st][k],dx[ed - (1<<k) + 1][k]); } int qmin(int st,int ed){ int k = 0; while((1<<(k+1))<= ed - st + 1)k++; return min(dm[st][k],dm[ed - (1<<k) + 1][k]); } int main(){ int n,k; while(~scanf("%d %d",&n,&k)){ memset(dx,0,sizeof(dx)); memset(dm,0,sizeof(dm)); for(int i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]); rmq(n); while(k--){ int x,y; scanf("%d %d",&x,&y); printf("%d ",qmax(x-1,y-1)-qmin(x-1,y-1)); } } }
线段树代码：
#include<cstdio> #include<algorithm> #include<iostream> using namespace std; const int maxn = 100000; struct note{ int l,r; int nMin,nMax; }segTree[maxn<<2]; int Max,Min; int a[maxn]; void build(int i,int l,int r){ segTree[i].l = l; segTree[i].r = r; if(l==r){ segTree[i].nMin = segTree[i].nMax = a[l]; return; } int mid = (l+r)>>1; build(i<<1,l,mid); build(i<<1|1,mid+1,r); segTree[i].nMax = max(segTree[i<<1].nMax,segTree[i<<1|1].nMax); segTree[i].nMin = min(segTree[i<<1].nMin,segTree[i<<1|1].nMin); } void query(int i,int l,int r){ if(segTree[i].nMax <= Max && segTree[i].nMin >= Min){ return; } if(segTree[i].l == l && segTree[i].r == r){ Max = max(segTree[i].nMax,Max); Min = min(segTree[i].nMin,Min); return; } int mid = (segTree[i].l + segTree[i].r) >> 1; if(r <= mid) query(i<<1,l,r); else if(l > mid) query(i<<1|1,l,r); else{ query(i<<1,l,mid); query(i<<1|1,mid+1,r); } } int main(){ int n,m; while(~scanf("%d %d",&n,&m)){ for(int i = 1 ; i <= n ;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]); build(1,1,n); while(m--){ int x,y; Max = -1000000;Min = 1000000; scanf("%d %d",&x,&y); query(1,x,y); printf("%d ",Max-Min); } } }