简介
在分布式文件系统中，由于服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件统一管理，实时更新，所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中，有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config，它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中（即本地），也支持放在远程git仓库中。在spring cloud config组件中，分两个角色，一个是config server， 而是config client。
项目构建
创建一个springboot项目，取名为config-server
pom如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.SpringCloud</groupId>
<artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>config-server</name>
<description>config-server-desc</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能，代码如下
@EnableConfigServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
程序的配置文件application.yml文件配置如下
server: port: 8888 spring: application: name: config-server cloud: config: server: git: uri: https://github.com/EnzoFeng/SpringCloudConfig.git search-paths: respo username: EnzoFeng password: ******* label: master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri: 配置Git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置仓库路径
spring.cloud.config.label: 配置仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username: 访问git仓库的用户名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password: 访问git仓库的密码
如果git仓库为公开仓库，可以不填写用户名和密码，如果是私有仓库需要填写
在git新加一个配置文件内容如下
foo=foo version 3
启动程序，访问http://localhost:8888/foo/dev
{"name":"foo","profiles":["dev"],"label":null,"version":"7e84320106fd4750fa1079934ee6cb88d46e9eb0","state":null,"propertySources":[]}
证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息
http请求地址和资源文件映射如下
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
构建一个config client
pom如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.SpringCloud</groupId>
<artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>config-client</name>
<description>config-client-desc</description>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.5.13.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
配置文件如下
spring: application: name: config-client cloud: config: label: master profile: dev uri: http://localhost:8888/ server: port: 8881
spring.cloud.config.label：指明远程仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile
dev 开发环境配置文件
test 测试环境配置文件
pro 正式环境配置文件
spring.cloud.config.uri=http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址
程序的入口类，写一个API接口”/hi”,返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值，代码如下
@RestController
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConfigClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
}
@Value("${foo}")
String foo;
@RequestMapping("/hi")
public String hi(){
return foo;
}
}
启动项目，请求http://localhost:8881/hi
说明config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性，而config-server是从git仓库读取的
