C#自己的数据库语言LINQ(1)

      与其他语言不太相同,C#语言本身有着自己的数据库查询语言,叫做LINQ,全称Language-INtegrated Query。

      在很大程度上,LINQ与我们常用的SQL是相通的,但是却有着更加独特的一些特性。由于程序员每天都要对内存、数据库或是XML文件中的数据对象进行查找和存取,但SQL语言同编程语言的分离为这种行为造成了很大的困扰。

      而LINQ作为一种连接面向对象语言和关系数据库的桥梁,联合了对内存、数据库和XML的数据处理。同时作为C#的一种内部语言,写法上更有利于C#程序员操作。

      

 1 // Example13-1.A simple LINQ query
 2 using System;
 3 using System.Collections.Generic;
 4 using System.Linq;
 5 namespace Programming_CSharp
 6 {
 7     // Simple customer class
 8     public class Customer
 9     {
10         public string FirstName { get; set; }
11         public string LastName { get; set; }
12         public string EmailAddress { get; set; }
13         // Overrides the Object.ToString() to provide a
14         // string representation of the object properties.
15         public override string ToString()
16         {
17             return string.Format("{0} {1}
Email:  {2}",
18                         FirstName, LastName, EmailAddress);
19         }
20     }

上面的代码使用了System.Linq的命名空间,同时定义了Customer类的一些成员元素。

 1 // Create a customer list with sample data
 2 private  static  List<Customer> CreateCustomerList()
 3 {
 4    List<Customer> customers = new List<Customer>
 5    {
 6       new Customer { FirstName = "Orlando“,LastName = "Gee",
 7                                     EmailAddress = "orlando0@adventure-works.com"},
 8       new Customer { FirstName = "Keith“, LastName = "Harris",
 9                                     EmailAddress = "keith0@adventure-works.com" },
10       new Customer { FirstName = "Donna“, LastName = "Carreras",
11                                     EmailAddress = "donna0@adventure-works.com" },
12       new Customer { FirstName = "Janet“, LastName = "Gates",
13                                     EmailAddress = "janet1@adventure-works.com" },
14       new Customer { FirstName = "Lucy“, LastName = "Harrington",
15                                     EmailAddress = "lucy0@adventure-works.com" }
16     };
17     return customers;
18   }

     上述代码在内存中构成了Customer的数据集合,换言之将数据保存到了内存之中。

 1 public class Tester
 2  { 
 3    static void Main()    // Main program
 4    {
 5        List<Customer> customers = CreateCustomerList();
 6        // Find customer by first name 
 7       IEnumerable<Customer> result =  from   customer in customers
 8       where  customer.FirstName == "Donna“  
 9       select customer;
10       Console.WriteLine("FirstName == "Donna"");
11       foreach (Customer customer in result)
12          {    Console.WriteLine(customer.ToString());}
13       customers[3].FirstName = "Donna";
14       Console.WriteLine("FirstName == "Donna" (take two)");
15       foreach (Customer customer in result)
16          {  Console.WriteLine(customer.ToString());}
17     }
18   }
19 }//namespace

      上述代码中,使用了LINQ查询语句对数据进行了操作。注意:真正的操作开始于foreach语句,LINQ语句被“保存”到result中,在foreach中被调用。

      LINQ的基础介绍到此为止,下次我们再来一起学习LINQ的详细知识。

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Dukechris/p/4448446.html