Spring JdbcTemplate详解

JdbcTemplate简介

　　Spring对数据库的操作在jdbc上面做了深层次的封装，使用spring的注入功能，可以把DataSource注册到JdbcTemplate之中。

JdbcTemplate是线程安全的。

　　JdbcTemplate位于中。其全限定命名为org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate。要使用JdbcTemlate还需一个这个包包含了一下事务和异常控制

JdbcTemplate主要提供以下五类方法：

execute方法：可以用于执行任何SQL语句，一般用于执行DDL语句；
update方法及batchUpdate方法：update方法用于执行新增、修改、删除等语句；batchUpdate方法用于执行批处理相关语句；
query方法及queryForXXX方法：用于执行查询相关语句；
call方法：用于执行存储过程、函数相关语句。

具体使用:

在src下面新建一个属性配置文件

user=root
password=
jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springtransaction
dirverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
initPoolSize=5
maxPoolSize=10

Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd">


   
   <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
   
   <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
       <property name="user" value="${user}"></property>
       <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
       <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>
       <property name="driverClass" value="${dirverClass}"></property>
       <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initPoolSize}"></property>
       <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"></property>
   </bean>
   
   <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
       <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
   </bean>
</beans>

相关依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.yangjing.springTransaction</groupId>
<artifactId>springTransaction</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springTransaction Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
       <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
       <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
       <version>0.9.1.2</version>
   </dependency>
   
   <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.24</version>
     </dependency>
    
      <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <finalName>springTransaction</finalName>
</build>
</project>

测试

package com.spring.jdbc;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

public class JDBCTest {
   private ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;
   private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
   {
       applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
       jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
   }

   @Test
   public void testDataSource() throws SQLException{
       DataSource dataSource = applicationContext.getBean(DataSource.class);
       System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());

   }

   //执行 insert update delete操作
   @Test
   public void testUpdate(){
       String sql = "update student set name = ? where id = ?";
       jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "sunwukong",4);
   }

   //测试批量更新:insert update delete操作都可以
   @Test
   public void testBatchUpdate(){
       String sql = "insert into student(name,class_id) values(?,?)";
       List<Object[]> batchArgs = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
       batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"AA",1});
       batchArgs.add(new Object[]{"BB",2});
       jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, batchArgs);
   }
   //测试查询一个(实体对象)
   @Test
   public void testQueryOne(){
       String sql = "select id,name,class_id from student where id = ?";
       RowMapper<Student> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Student>(Student.class);
       Student student = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, rowMapper, 1);
       System.out.println(student);
   }

   //测试查询一组对象(对象集合)
   @Test
   public void testQueryList(){
       String sql = "select id,name,class_id from student where class_id = ?";
       RowMapper<Student> rowMapper = new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Student>(Student.class);
       List<Student> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, rowMapper, 1);
       System.out.println(list);

   }

   //测试统计查询
   @Test
   public void testCount(){
       String sql = "select count(id) from student where id > ?";
       long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Long.class,3);
       System.out.println(count);
   }

}

实体类

package com.spring.jdbc;

public class Student {
   private Integer id;
   private String name;
   private Classes classes;
   public Integer getId() {
       return id;
   }
   public void setId(Integer id) {
       this.id = id;
   }
   public String getName() {
       return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
       this.name = name;
   }

   public Classes getClasses() {
       return classes;
   }
   public void setClasses(Classes classes) {
       this.classes = classes;
   }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
       return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", classes=" + classes + "]";
   }


}

package com.spring.jdbc;

public class Classes {
   private Integer id;
   private String name;
   private Integer classId;
   public Integer getId() {
       return id;
   }
   public void setId(Integer id) {
       this.id = id;
   }
   public String getName() {
       return name;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
       this.name = name;
   }
   public Integer getClassId() {
       return classId;
   }
   public void setClassId(Integer classId) {
       this.classId = classId;
   }
   @Override
   public String toString() {
       return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", classId=" + classId + "]";
   }

}