数据结构期末复习(よ)--二叉树定义及使用

  1 #include<iostream>
  2 #include<queue>
  3 using namespace std;
  4 typedef struct BinTree
  5 {
  6     char data;  //节点信息
  7     struct BinTree *lchild, *rchild;  //左右孩子
  8 
  9 } BiTNode, *BiTree;
 10 //*BiTree的意思是给 struct node*起了个别名,叫BiTree,
 11 //故BiTree为指向节点的指针。
 12 
 13 //初始化二叉树,可以省略。
 14 void InitBiTree(BiTree &T)
 15 {
 16     T = NULL;
 17 }
 18 
 19 //判断树是否为空
 20 int EmptyBiTree(BiTree T)
 21 {
 22     if(!T)    return 1;
 23     else    return 0;
 24 }
 25 
 26 //求树的深度
 27 int DepthBiTree(BiTree T)
 28 {
 29     int count1, count2;
 30     if(!T)    return 0;
 31     count1 = DepthBiTree(T->lchild); //数左子树深度
 32     count2 = DepthBiTree(T->rchild); //数右子树深度
 33     if(count1 > count2)    return count1 + 1; //深度大的加上根节点
 34     else return count2 + 1;
 35 }
 36 
 37 //求节点数
 38 int NodeCount(BiTree T)
 39 {
 40     if(!T)    return 0;
 41     //左加右加根
 42     else return NodeCount(T->lchild) + NodeCount(T->rchild) + 1;
 43 }
 44 
 45 //销毁二叉树
 46 void DestoryBiTree(BiTree &T)
 47 {
 48     if(!T)
 49     {
 50         if(T->lchild)
 51             DestoryBiTree(T->lchild);
 52         if(T->rchild)
 53             DestoryBiTree(T->rchild);
 54         delete(T);
 55         T = NULL;
 56     }
 57 }
 58 
 59 
 60 void ClearBiTree(BiTree &T)
 61 {
 62     if(T)
 63     {
 64         ClearBiTree(T->lchild);
 65         ClearBiTree(T->rchild);
 66         delete(T);
 67         T = NULL;
 68     }
 69 }
 70 
 71 //创建二叉树
 72 void CreateBiTree(BiTree &T)
 73 {
 74     //&的意思是传进来节点指针的引用,括号内等价于 BiTreeNode* &T,
 75     //目的是让传递进来的指针发生改变
 76 
 77     char ch;    //输入二叉树结点值
 78     cin >> ch;
 79     if(ch == '#')
 80         T = NULL; //当遇到#时,令树的根节点为NULL,
 81     //从而结束该"分支"的递归(如 a##表示a无子孩子)
 82     else
 83     {
 84         T = new BiTNode; //先序遍历建立二叉树链表
 85         T->data = ch;
 86         CreateBiTree(T->lchild);
 87         CreateBiTree(T->rchild);
 88     }
 89 }
 90 
 91 //统计叶子节点
 92 void CountLeaf(BiTree T, int &count)
 93 {
 94     if (T)
 95     {
 96         if ((!T->lchild) && (!T->rchild))  //左右子树都无
 97         {
 98             count++;
 99         }
100         CountLeaf(T->lchild, count);
101         CountLeaf(T->rchild, count);
102     }
103 }
104 
105 void PreTree(BiTree T) //先序遍历
106 {
107     if (T)
108     {
109         cout << T->data << ",";  //
110         PreTree(T->lchild);      //
111         PreTree(T->rchild);      //
112     }
113 }
114 void MidTree(BiTree T) //中序遍历
115 {
116     if (T)
117     {
118         MidTree(T->lchild);        //
119         cout << T->data << ","; //
120         MidTree(T->rchild);         //
121     }
122 }
123 void PostTree(BiTree T)
124 {
125     if (T)
126     {
127         PostTree(T->lchild); //
128         PostTree(T->rchild); //
129         cout << T->data << ","; //
130     }
131 }
132 
133 //层次遍历
134 void LevelOrder(BiTree T)
135 {
136     queue<BiTree> q;  //建立队列Q
137     q.push(T);        //根节点入队
138     while(!q.empty())
139     {
140         BiTree t = q.front();
141         if (t->lchild)  //将左子树入队
142             q.push(t->lchild);
143         if (t->rchild)  //将右子树入队
144             q.push(t->rchild);
145         cout << t->data << " "; //输出队首
146         q.pop();  //队首出队
147     }
148 }
149 
150 //查找
151 int FindBiTree(BiTree T, int e)
152 {
153     if(!T)    return 0;
154     if((T->data == e))    return 1;
155     if(FindBiTree(T->lchild, e) || FindBiTree(T->rchild, e))
156         return 1;
157 }
158 
159 int main()
160 {
161     BiTree tree;
162     int count = 0;
163     cout << "初始化树
";
164     InitBiTree(tree);
165     cout << "(1)This BiTree is " << (EmptyBiTree(tree) ? "Empty" : "Not Empty") << " now
";
166     cout << "(2)请输入二叉树(如ab##c##,即根节点为a,左孩子b,又孩子c):
";
167     CreateBiTree(tree);
168     cout << "(3)树已建立。This BiTree is " << (EmptyBiTree(tree) ? "Empty" : "Not Empty") << " now
";
169     cout << "(4)树的节点总数为:" << NodeCount(tree) << endl;
170     CountLeaf(tree, count);
171     cout << "(5)树的叶子节点数为:" << count;
172     cout << "
(6)树的深度为:" << DepthBiTree(tree);
173     cout << "
(7)树的先序遍历为:";
174     PreTree(tree);
175     cout << "
(8)树的中序遍历为:";
176     MidTree(tree);
177     cout << "
(9)树的后序遍历为:";
178     PostTree(tree);
179     cout << "
(10)树的层次遍历为:";
180     LevelOrder(tree);
181     cout << "
(11)This BiTree is " << (EmptyBiTree(tree) ? "Empty" : "Not Empty") << " now
";
182     char x;
183     cout << "(12)请输入要查找的字符X:";
184     cin >> x;
185     cout << (FindBiTree(tree, x) ? "Bingo" : "owl") << endl;
186     ClearBiTree(tree);
187     cout << "(13)已调用Clear()";
188     cout << "(14)This BiTree is " << (EmptyBiTree(tree) ? "Empty" : "Not Empty") << endl;
189     return 0;
190 }
191 /*
192 请输入二叉树(如ab##c##,即根节点为a,左孩子b,又孩子c):
193 abd##e##c##
194 树的叶子节点数为:3
195 树的先序遍历为:a,b,d,e,c,
196 树的中序遍历为:d,b,e,a,c,
197 树的后序遍历为:d,e,b,c,a,
198  */

结果如下:

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/DSYR/p/9166706.html