Dive into python学习笔记

http://woodpecker.org.cn/diveintopython/index.html

1.第一个程序odbchelper.py

 1 def buildConnectionString(params):
 2     """Build a connection string from a dictionary
 3     
 4     Returns string.
 5     """
 6     return ";".join(["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in params.items()])
 7 
 8 if __name__ == "__main__":
 9     myParams = {"server":"mpilgrim", 
10                 "database":"master", 
11                 "uid":"sa", 
12                 "pwd":"secret"
13                 }
14     print buildConnectionString(myParams)

关键点理解：

1.三重引号

"""Build a connection string from a dictionary

Returns string.
"""
常用于定义doc string，文档化python函数

2. ";".join(["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in params.items()])

params.items()表明params必然是directory，调用items()方法返回键值对元组列表，利用多重赋值取出键值(k,v)元组，然后调用字符串对象的join方法将这些键值对用；隔开，join方法将list中的元素连接成单个字符串，打印的结果也就不再是列表的形式；注：join只能用于元素师字符串的list

运行结果为：server=mpilgrim;uid=sa;database=master;pwd=secret

附：split与join正好相反，它是将一个字符串分割成多元素list

>>>s.split(";") (1)

['server=mpilgrim', 'uid=sa', 'database=master', 'pwd=secret']

3.if __name__ == "__main__":用于测试模块

2.自省apihelper.py

 1 def info(object, spacing=10, collapse=1):
 2     """Print methods and doc strings.
 3 
 4     Takes module, class, list, dictionary, or string."""
 5     methodList = [e for e in dir(object) if callable(getattr(object, e))]
 6     processFunc = collapse and (lambda s: " ".join(s.split())) or (lambda s: s)
 7     print "
".join(["%s %s" %
 8                      (method.ljust(spacing),
 9                       processFunc(str(getattr(object, method).__doc__)))
10                      for method in methodList])
11 
12 if __name__ == "__main__":
13     print help.__doc__