测试代码
使用python模块unittest中的工具来测试代码，如何测试函数和类
#测试函数
#name_function.py def get_formatted_name(first, last): full_name = first + ' ' + last return full_name.title()
from name_function import get_formatted_name print("enter 'q' at any time to quit.") while True: first = input(" please give me a first name:") if first == 'q': break last = input("please give me a last name:") if last == 'q': break formatted_name = get_formatted_name(first, last) print(" name: " + formatted_name + '.')
'''
enter 'q' at any time to quit.
please give me a first name:peng
please give me a last name:yuyan
name: Peng Yuyan.
please give me a first name:
'''
#单元测试和测试用例
#单元测试用于核实函数的某个方面没有问题；测试用例是一组单元测试，这些单元测试一起核实函数在各种情形下的行为都符合要求。全覆盖式测试包含一整套单元测试，涵盖了各种可能的函数使用方式。
#可通过的测试
#test_name_function.py import unittest from name_function import get_formatted_name class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def test_first_last_name(self): formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin') self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin') unittest.main()
'''
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.023s
OK
'''
#不能通过的测试 def get_formatted_name(first, middle, last): full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' +last return full_name.title()
'''
E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_first_last_name (__main__.NamesTestCase)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "D:/02-1python/2019.10.3-入门基础/20200630-从入门到实践/7.13-11/test_name_function.py", line 7, in test_first_last_name
formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin')
TypeError: get_formatted_name() missing 1 required positional argument: 'last'
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.049s
FAILED (errors=1)
'''
#测试未通过时怎么办 def get_formatted_name(first, last, middle = ''): if middle: full_name = first + ' ' + middle + ' ' +last else: full_name = first + ' ' +last return full_name.title()
'''
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.046s
OK
'''
#添加新测试 import unittest from name_function import get_formatted_name class NamesTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def test_first_last_name(self): formatted_name = get_formatted_name('janis','joplin') self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Janis Joplin') def test_first_last_middle_name(self): formatted_name = get_formatted_name( 'wolfgang', 'mozart', 'amadeus') self.assertEqual(formatted_name, 'Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart') unittest.main()
'''
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.045s
OK
'''
#测试类 #各种断言方法 #survey.py class AnonymousSurvey(): def __init__(self, question): self.question = question self.responses = [] def show_question(self): print(self.question) def store_response(self, new_response): self.responses.append(new_response) def show_results(self): print("Survey results:") for response in self.responses: print('- ' + response)
#language_survey.py from survey import AnonymousSurvey question = "What language do you first learn to speak?" my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question) my_survey.show_question() print("Enter 'q' at any time to quit.") while True: response = input("Language: ") if response == 'q': break my_survey.store_response(response) print(" Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!") my_survey.show_results()
'''
What language do you first learn to speak?
Enter 'q' at any time to quit.
Language: Chinese
Language: English
Language: French
Language: q
Thank you to everyone who participated in the survey!
Survey results:
- Chinese
- English
- French
'''
#测试AnonymousSurvey类 #test_survey import unittest from survey import AnonymousSurvey class TestAnonymousSurvey(unittest.TestCase): """Tests for the class AnonymousSurvey""" def setUp(self): """ Create a survey and a set of responses for use in all test methods. """ question = "What language did you first learn to speak?" self.my_survey = AnonymousSurvey(question) self.responses = ['English', 'Spanish', 'Mandarin'] def test_store_single_response(self): """Test that a single response is stored properly.""" self.my_survey.store_response(self.responses[0]) self.assertIn(self.responses[0], self.my_survey.responses) def test_store_three_responses(self): """Test that three individual responses are stored properly.""" for response in self.responses: self.my_survey.store_response(response) for response in self.responses: self.assertIn(response, self.my_survey.responses) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()
'''
collecting ... collected 2 items
test_survey.py::TestAnonymousSurvey::test_store_single_response PASSED [ 50%]
test_survey.py::TestAnonymousSurvey::test_store_three_responses PASSED [100%]
========================== 2 passed in 0.02 seconds ===========================
'''