附：实体类
Class ： User
package com.c61.entity; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat; import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField; public class User { private Integer id; private String name; //@DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")//定制在接收请求参数时的日期格式 @JSONField(format="yyyy-MM-dd")//作用在java序列化成json时 private Date birth; private String dateStr; public String getDateStr() { return dateStr; } public void setDateStr(String dateStr) { this.dateStr = dateStr; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Date getBirth() { return birth; } public void setBirth(Date birth) { this.birth = birth; SimpleDateFormat format=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); this.dateStr=format.format(birth); } @Override public String toString() { return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", birth=" + birth + "]"; } public User(){} public User(Integer id, String name, Date birth) { super(); this.id = id; this.name = name; this.birth = birth; } }
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1.配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <display-name></display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <!-- 前端控制器 /=默认的url-pattern /a/b/c /a /a/d/c /a/d /a / *注意：此控制器默认加载/WEB-INF下的xxx-servlet.xml文件 ：其中xxx等于【DispatcherServlet的配置名】 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>mvc61</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:mvc62.xml</param-value> </init-param> <!-- 随项目启动而启动 --> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>mvc61</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 专治Post请求参数乱码 --> <filter> <filter-name>encoding61</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <!-- 将请求的编码方式设置为utf-8 --> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encoding61</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
2.配置SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!-- xmlns:xml name space 是每一个schema唯一标识 --> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> <!-- 扫描所有控制器中的注解 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.c61.controller"></context:component-scan> <!-- MVC中基于注解开发，导入注解驱动 --> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> </beans>
3.配置控制器
package com.c61.controller; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.c61.entity.User; @Controller @RequestMapping(value="/mvc5")//等价于namespace public class JSONController { /** * 响应json * @return */ @RequestMapping("/json")//等价于<action name="mvc1" @ResponseBody//可以加载方法上或者返回值上 //方法的返回值即请求的响应内容 //会将方法的返回值转换成json，并响应 public User queryUser(){ User user=new User(1,"lime",new Date()); return user; } @RequestMapping("/jsons")//等价于<action name="mvc1" @ResponseBody//可以加载方法上或者返回值上 //方法的返回值即请求的响应内容 //会将方法的返回值转换成json，并响应 public List<User> queryUsers(){ User user1=new User(1,"lime1",new Date()); User user2=new User(1,"lime2",new Date()); User user3=new User(1,"lime3",new Date()); List<User> users=new ArrayList<User>(); users.add(user1); users.add(user2); users.add(user3); return users; } @RequestMapping("/json2")//等价于<action name="mvc1" @ResponseBody //@RequestBody：将请求体中的数据取出,解析成java对象,赋值给对应参数 public String testJson(@RequestBody User user){ System.out.println(user); return "ok"; } }
4.配置视图
View : json.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css"> --> <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function(){ $("#json2").click(function(){ $.ajax({ url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mvc5/json2", type:"post", data:'{"id":1,"name":"limeOracle3","birth":"2016-09-29"}', contentType:"application/json",//请求数据类型为json success:function(ret){ alert(ret); } }); }); $("#json").click(function(){ $.ajax({ url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mvc5/json", type:"post", success:function(ret){//由于springMVC在响应json时会设置响应头：application/json, //则ret已经时解析后的js对象 alert(ret.id+" "+ret.name+" "+ret.birth); } }); }); }); </script> </head> <body> <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mvc5/jsons">json</a> <input type="button" value="ajax_send_json" id="json2"/> <input type="button" value="ajax_receive_json" id="json"/> </body> </html>
Client ：
Client ： json
Client ： ajax_send_json
Client ： ajax_receive_json
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6.1 springMVC向客户端响应一个json ： @ResponseBody
6.1.1 使用方式
@ResponseBody//可以加在方法上或者返回值上
//方法的返回值即请求的响应内容
//会将方法的返回值转换成json，并响应
public User queryUser(){
User user=new User(1,"lime",new Date());
return user;
}
*注意：在springMVC将java对象序列化成json时，默认使用的是Jackson
：如果就是要使用jackson做序列化，只要导入jackson的jar包即可
6.1.2 springMVC响应json细节
springMVC在响应json时会设置响应头为:application/json,
响应头可以告知客户端响应数据的格式为json
所以在异步请求中，不用在定制【dataType:"json"】
$.ajax({
url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mvc5/json",
type:"post",
success:function(ret){//由于springMVC在响应json时会设置响应头：application/json,
//则【$.ajax】会解析响应值，则ret已经是解析后的js对象
alert(ret.id+" "+ret.name+" "+ret.birth);
}
});
6.2 springMVC接收客户端发送来的json数据：@RequestBody
$.ajax({
url:"${pageContext.request.contextPath}/mvc5/json2",
type:"post",
data:'{"id":1,"name":"limeOracle3","birth":"2016-09-29"}',
contentType:"application/json",//请求数据类型为json
success:function(ret){
alert(ret);
}
});
//@RequestBody：将请求体中的数据取出,解析成java对象,赋值给对应参数
public String testJson(@RequestBody User user){
System.out.println(user);
return "ok";
}
*注意，@RequestBody需要jdk7，需要更换tomcat的jdk
6.3 springMVC更换JSON处理方案：由jackson换成fastjson
1>导入fastjson的jar 2>配置： <mvc:annotation-driven> <mvc:message-converters> <bean class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <!-- 支持的格式：application/json --> <value>application/json</value> </list> </property> </bean> </mvc:message-converters> </mvc:annotation-driven> 3>如此则springMVC中使用@ResponseBody 和 @RequestBody时，需要做的json序列化和反序列化都由fastjson完成。
啦啦啦