ML2 – Address Population

Why do we need it, whatever it is?

VM unicast, multicast and broadcast traffic flow is detailed in my previous post:

Agent OVS flow tables implement learning. That is, any unknown unicast destination (IE: MAC addresses the virtual switch is not familiar with), multicast or broadcast traffic is flooded out tunnels to all other compute nodes. Any incoming traffic is used for its source MAC address. That MAC address is added to a learning table, so future traffic to that MAC address is not flooded but sent directly to the hosting node. There’s several inefficiencies here:

The MAC addresses aren’t initially known by the agents, but the Neutron service has full knowledge of the topology
There’s still a lot of broadcasts going around in the form of ARP requests. Maybe we can optimize those away?
More about broadcasts: What if a node isn’t hosting any ports in a specific network? Should this node receive broadcast traffic designated to that network?

A great visual explanation for the third point, stolen shamelessly from the official OpenStack documentation:

Overview

When using the ML2 plugin with tunnels and a new port goes up, ML2 sends a update_port_postcommit notification which is picked up and processed by the l2pop mechanism driver. l2 pop then gathers the IP and MAC of the port, as well as the host that the port was scheduled on; It then sends an RPC notification to all layer 2 agents. The agents uses the notification to solve the three issues detailed above.

Configuration

ml2_conf.ini:
[ml2]
mechanism_drivers = ..., l2population, ...
[agent]
l2_population = True

Deep-Dive & Code

plugins/ml2/drivers/l2pop/mech_driver.py: update_port_postcommit calls _update_port_up. In _update_port_up we send the new ports’ IP and MAC address to all agents via a ‘add_fdb_entries’ RPC fanout cast. Additionally, if this new port is the first port in a network on the scheduled agent, then we send all IP and MAC addresses on the network to that agent.

‘add_fdb_entries’ is picked up via agent/l2population_rpc.py: add_fdb_entries, which calls fdb_add if the RPC call was a fanout, or directed to the local host.

fdb_add is implemented by the OVS and LB agents: plugins/openvswitch/agent/ovs_neutron_agent.py and plugins/linuxbridge/agent/linuxbridge_neutron_agent.py.

In the OVS agent, fdb_add accomplishes three main things:

For each port received:

Setup a tunnel to the remote agent if one does not already exist
If its a flood entry, setup a flood flow to the remote network. Reminder: A flood flow is sent out to all agents in case a port goes up which happens to be the first port for an agent & network pair
If its a unicast entry, add it to the unicast learning table
A big fat TO-DO about ARP replies. Implemented in the Icehouse release with this patch: https://review.openstack.org/#/c/49227/

Finally, with l2_population = True, a bunch of code is in the ovs agent is disabled. tunnel_update and tunnel_sync RPC messages are ignored, and replaced by fdb_add, fdb_remove.

Supported Topologies

All of this is fully supported since the Havana release when using GRE and VXLAN tunneling with the ML2 plugin, apart from the ARP resolution optimization which is implemented only for the Linux bridge agent with the VXLAN driver. ARP resolution will be added to the OVS agent with GRE and VXLAN drivers in the Icehouse release.

Links

http://docs.openstack.org/admin-guide-cloud/content/ch_networking.html#ml2_l2pop_scenarios

本文转载自http://assafmuller.com/2014/02/23/ml2-address-population/