博弈论中的简单合作博弈 C#实现


     最近在看一本关于博弈的书.有个比较简单的合作不合作的博弈.挺有意思,大意是这样的:
    
      这个博弈是对现实生活中人与人之间是否合作的简单抽象,具体内容和规则可以概括为“如果A与B都是合作态度,则是双赢,每人得3分;如果A合作态度,B玩阴的,则A欺骗了B,取得了B本该得到的利益,则B得5分,A扣3分,反之亦然。最后如果A和B都不合作,则一拍两散,两个人都白费劲,则每人扣一分”在这个游戏里,每个人都和除了自己之外的人合作100次,则得分最高的人胜利.

     我抽象到C#代码里是用一个接口来规范参与者,让他们实现自己的算法,并通过泛型列表保存和对手之间以往的合作记录,并可以根据合作记录来返回采取的策略..废话不说接口代码如下:
    

Code

   对于我的策略,我在第一次合作时保持合作态度,在以后是否合作都根据对手和自己上一步的情况来确定是否合作
    具体代码如下:
   
 1public class CareySon : ActorBase
 2        {
 3            Dictionary<string, List<bool>> Record;//用于保存和对手以往的记录
 4            public Songyunjian()//构造函数,用于构造记录
 5            {
 6                Record = new Dictionary<string, List<bool>>();
 7            }

 8            public string GetUniqueCode()  //返回你的唯一标识
 9            {
10                return "CareySon";
11            }

12            public void AddRecord(string OpponentName, bool record)
13            {
14                if (!Record.ContainsKey(OpponentName))//如果没合作过,创建合作记录
15                {
16                    List<bool> l = new List<bool>();
17                    l.Add(record);
18                    Record.Add(OpponentName, l);
19                }

20                else
21                {
22                    Record[OpponentName].Add(record);//利用索引器把记录添加到list里
23                }

24            }

25            public bool Gamble(string name)
26            {
27                if (!Record.ContainsKey(name))//如果是第一次合作,则保持合作态度
28                {
29                    return true;
30                }

31                else
32                {
33                    List<bool> t = Record[name];
34                    if (t.Count >= 1)
35                    {
36                        if (t[t.Count - 1])//如果最后一次是合作则返回合作
37                        {
38                            return true;
39                        }

40                        else//否则返回不合作
41                        {
42                            return false;
43                        }

44                    }

45                    return true;
46                    
47
48                }

49            }

50            public int Score
51            {
52                get return _score; }
53                set{_score=value;}
54            }

55            public int _score=0;//用于记录每个人的分数
56
57        }

下面是一个我加进去的随机选手,即合作和不合作的态势是随机的,这里只展示Gamble()方法,其他同
 1 public bool Gamble(string name)
 2             {
 3                 Random rd=new Random();
 4                 int i=rd.Next(2);
 5                 if (i == 1)
 6                 {
 7                     return true;
 8                 }
 9                 return false;
10             }

下面是我一个舍友的策略,即根据后3次的合作记录来返回是否合作,Gamble()方法如下:
 1 public bool Gamble(string name)
 2             {
 3                 int z=0;
 4                 if (!Record.ContainsKey(name))
 5                 {
 6                     return true;
 7                 }
 8                 else
 9                 {
10                     List<bool> l = Record[name];
11                     if (l.Count == 1)
12                     {
13                         if (l[0])
14                         {
15                             return true;
16                         }
17                         else
18                         {
19                             return false;
20                         }
21                     }
22                     else if(l.Count==2)
23                     {
24                         if (l[0&& l[1])
25                         {
26                             return true;
27                         }
28                         else
29                         {
30                             return false;
31                         }
32                     }
33                     else if (l.Count >= 3)
34                     {
35                         if (l[l.Count - 1]) z++;
36                         if (l[l.Count - 2]) z++;
37                         if (l[l.Count - 3]) z++;
38                         if (z >= 2return true;
39                         else {
40                             return false;
41                         }
42                     }
43                 }
44                 return false;
45             }

我的另一个舍友的策略是通过以往所有的合作记录来决定,如果合作次数大于不合作的,则合作,如果小于,则不合作,等于也不合作,代码如下:
 1 public bool Gamble(string name)
 2             {
 3                 int z = 0, c = 0;//z是合作次数,c是不合作次数
 4                 if (!Record.ContainsKey(name))
 5                 {
 6                     return true;
 7                 }
 8                 else
 9                 {
10                     foreach (bool b in Record[name])
11                     {
12                         if (b) z++;
13                         else
14                         {
15                             c++
16                         }
17                     }
18                     if (z == c)
19                     {
20                         return false;
21                     }
22                     if (z > c)
23                     {
24                         return true;
25                     }
26                     if (z < c)
27                     {
28                         return false;
29                     }
30                 }
31                 return false;
32 
33             }

最后是客户端调用的代码
 1 using System;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using System.Linq;
 4 using System.Web;
 5 using System.Web.UI;
 6 using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
 7 using TheGame;
 8 public partial class GameTheory : System.Web.UI.Page
 9 {
10     protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
11     {
12         List<TheGame.ActorBase> player = new List<TheGame.ActorBase>();//我把接口和实现的代码放入了TheGame命名空间
13         TheGame.ActorBase CareySon = new TheGame.Songyunjian();
14         TheGame.ActorBase RandomPlayer = new TheGame.RandomPlayer();
15         TheGame.ActorBase Tony = new TheGame.Tony();
16         TheGame.ActorBase Jack = new TheGame.Jack();
17         player.Add(CareySon);
18         player.Add(RandomPlayer);
19         player.Add(Tony);
20         player.Add(Jack);
21         /*从这里开始下面都是算法部分*/
22         for (int x = 1; x <= 100; x++)//循环合作100次
23         {
24             for (int i = 0; i < player.Count; i++)//让选手和其他所有选手进行博弈
25             {
26                 for (int j = i + 1; j < player.Count; j++)
27                 {
28 
29                     bool abBool = player[i].Gamble(player[j].GetUniqueCode());
30                     ActorBase ab = player[i];
31                     bool absBool = player[j].Gamble(player[i].GetUniqueCode());
32                     ActorBase abs = player[j];
33                     if (abBool && absBool)//当AB合作的时候
34                     {
35                         ab.Score += 3;
36                         abs.Score += 3;
37                         ab.AddRecord(abs.GetUniqueCode(), true);
38                         abs.AddRecord(ab.GetUniqueCode(), true);
39                     }
40                     else if (abBool & !absBool) //当AB合作而ABS不合作
41                     {
42                         ab.Score -= 3;
43                         abs.Score += 5;
44                         ab.AddRecord(abs.GetUniqueCode(), false);
45                         abs.AddRecord(ab.GetUniqueCode(), true);
46                     }
47                     else if (absBool & !abBool)//当abs合作而AB不合作的情况
48                     {
49                         ab.Score += 5;
50                         abs.Score -= 3;
51                         ab.AddRecord(abs.GetUniqueCode(), true);
52                         abs.AddRecord(ab.GetUniqueCode(), false);
53                     }
54                     else if (!absBool && !abBool)//当双方都不合作的情况下
55                     {
56                         ab.Score -= 1;
57                         abs.Score -= 1;
58                         ab.AddRecord(abs.GetUniqueCode(), false);
59                         abs.AddRecord(ab.GetUniqueCode(), false);
60                     }
61 
62                 }
63             }
64         }
65         OutputResult(player);//输出并打印到屏幕上成绩
66 
67     }
68     private void OutputResult(List<TheGame.ActorBase> l)
69     {
70         foreach (ActorBase ab in l)
71         {
72             HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("Player: <span style='background-color:#cdcdcd;color:blue;border:solid 1px #3cdcad'>" + ab.GetUniqueCode() + "</span>   and the Score is  <span style='background-color:#cdcdcd;color:blue;border:solid 1px #3cdcad'>" + ab.Score.ToString() + "</span><br />");
73         }
74     }
75 }
76 


自此代码就完了,代码有点粗糙,各位看官切勿仍板砖-.-!!

某一次的运行结果如下,我就不抓图了:
-----------------------------------------------------
Player: CareySon and the Score is 686
Player: RandomPlayer and the Score is 570
Player: Tony and the Score is 670
Player: Jack and the Score is 734
-----------------------------------------------------
园子里有很多博弈学高手,有什么好的策略发上来一起探讨下:-)
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/CareySon/p/1563691.html