mongodb存储的基本使用

Python连接mongodb一般使用pymongo模块

1. pymongo模块的简单使用

### MongoDB存储

## 连接MongoDB
import pymongo

# 建立连接对象,2种方法皆可
client = pymongo.MongoClient(host='10.0.0.100', port=27017)
client2 = pymongo.MongoClient('mongodb://10.0.0.100:27017/')

# 指定数据库,如无则创建
db = client.test
db2 = client2['test']

# 指定集合,如无则创建
collection = db.students
collection2 = db2['students']

# 插入数据,字典格式
stu = {
    'name': 'dmr',
    'age': '25',
    'score': '80',
    'gender': 'frail'
}
stu2 = {
    'name': 'asx',
    'age': '23',
    'score': '81',
    'gender': 'frail'
}
stu3 = {
    'name': 'scy',
    'age': '26',
    'score': '66',
    'gender': 'male'
}
# result = collection.insert_one(stu)
# result2 = collection.insert_many([stu2, stu3])
# print(result2, result.inserted_id)

'''
输出内容:
<pymongo.results.InsertManyResult object at 0x0000000002E9D688> 5e70908ba7233089f696168e
'''


# 查询,
# find_one()查询到单个结果返回一个字典,如匹配到多个值则返回匹配到的第一个值
# find()则返回一个生成器对象
## 比较符号
# $lt       小于          {'age': {'$lt': 20}}
# $gt       大于          {'age': {'$gt': 20}}
# $lte      小于等于      {'age': {'$lte': 20}}
# $gte      大于等于      {'age': {'$gte': 20}}
# $ne       不等于        {'age': {'$ne': 20}}
# $in       范围内        {'age': {'$in': [20, 24]}}
# $nin      范围外        {'age': {'$nin': [20, 24]}}
## 功能符号
# $regex        匹配正则表达式     {'name': {'$regex': '^d.*'}}        名字以d开头的
# $exists       属性是否存在       {'name': {'$exists': True}}         name属性存在则返回存在的内容
# $type         类型判断           {'age': {'$type': 'int'}}           age的类型是否为int,匹配则返回匹配的内容
# $text         匹配正则表达式     {'$text': {'$search': 'dm'}}        text类型的属性中包含dm字符串
result = collection.find_one({'name': 'dmr'})
result2 = collection.find({'name': 'dmr'})
print(type(result), type(result2))
print(result, result2)
result = collection.find_one({'gender': 'frail'})
result2 = collection.find({'gender': 'frail'})
print(type(result), type(result2))
print(result, result2)
for item in result2:
    print(item)


'''
输出内容:
<class 'dict'> <class 'pymongo.cursor.Cursor'>
{'_id': ObjectId('5e708dd5b7d59968e4f1ffef'), 'name': 'dmr', 'age': '25', 'score': '80'} <pymongo.cursor.Cursor object at 0x0000000002E9B7B8>
<class 'dict'> <class 'pymongo.cursor.Cursor'>
{'_id': ObjectId('5e709140e0fe6500676f15c3'), 'name': 'dmr', 'age': '25', 'score': '80', 'gender': 'frail'} <pymongo.cursor.Cursor object at 0x0000000002E9BA90>
{'_id': ObjectId('5e709140e0fe6500676f15c3'), 'name': 'dmr', 'age': '25', 'score': '80', 'gender': 'frail'}
{'_id': ObjectId('5e709140e0fe6500676f15c4'), 'name': 'asx', 'age': '23', 'score': '81', 'gender': 'frail'}
'''


## 计数
count = collection.find({'gender': {'$exists': True}}).count()
print(count)


## 排序
results = collection.find().sort('_id', pymongo.ASCENDING)
print(results)
print([i for i in results])


## 偏移,skip(2)及忽略前2个元素,limit(2)选择前2个元素,后面的元素忽略
results = collection.find().sort('_id', pymongo.ASCENDING).skip(2)
print(results)
print([i for i in results])

## 更新
old = {
    'name': 'dmr'
}
new = {
    'age': 20
}
# 直接替换整条内容
result = collection.update(old, new)
result2 = collection.update_one(old, {'$set': new})
# 仅修改new中键值的内容
result3 = collection.update(old, {'$set': new})
result4 = collection.update_many(old, {'$set': new})
print(result, result2)
r2 = collection.find()
for i in r2:
    print(i)


## 删除,remove,delete_one,delete_many
result = collection.remove({'name': 'dmr'})
print(result)
result2 = collection.delete_one({'name': 'dmr'})
print(result2.deleted_count)
result3 = collection.delete_many({'name': 'scy'})
print(result3.deleted_count)
result4 = collection.find()
for i in result4:
    print(i)
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Caiyundo/p/9480265.html