web自动化测试第7步：模拟键盘事件（Keys）

对于模拟键盘事件，我们之前的课程中已经有了一些了解，比如基础操作send_keys()方法输入任意值、鼠标事件key_down（）、key_up（）等，这一节呢，我们也比较简单，我们专门来讲一讲如何使用引入的common.keys库

1.基于send_keys()基础上的key

driver.find_element_by_id("kw").send_keys(Keys.BACK_SPACE)

如上所示，在基于send_keys()方法的基础上，输入Keys类下封装的方法

下面是keys库的源码

from __future__ import unicode_literals


class Keys(object):
    """
    Set of special keys codes.
    """

    NULL = 'ue000'
    CANCEL = 'ue001'  # ^break
    HELP = 'ue002'
    BACKSPACE = 'ue003'
    BACK_SPACE = BACKSPACE
    TAB = 'ue004'
    CLEAR = 'ue005'
    RETURN = 'ue006'
    ENTER = 'ue007'
    SHIFT = 'ue008'
    LEFT_SHIFT = SHIFT
    CONTROL = 'ue009'
    LEFT_CONTROL = CONTROL
    ALT = 'ue00a'
    LEFT_ALT = ALT
    PAUSE = 'ue00b'
    ESCAPE = 'ue00c'
    SPACE = 'ue00d'
    PAGE_UP = 'ue00e'
    PAGE_DOWN = 'ue00f'
    END = 'ue010'
    HOME = 'ue011'
    LEFT = 'ue012'
    ARROW_LEFT = LEFT
    UP = 'ue013'
    ARROW_UP = UP
    RIGHT = 'ue014'
    ARROW_RIGHT = RIGHT
    DOWN = 'ue015'
    ARROW_DOWN = DOWN
    INSERT = 'ue016'
    DELETE = 'ue017'
    SEMICOLON = 'ue018'
    EQUALS = 'ue019'

    NUMPAD0 = 'ue01a'  # number pad keys
    NUMPAD1 = 'ue01b'
    NUMPAD2 = 'ue01c'
    NUMPAD3 = 'ue01d'
    NUMPAD4 = 'ue01e'
    NUMPAD5 = 'ue01f'
    NUMPAD6 = 'ue020'
    NUMPAD7 = 'ue021'
    NUMPAD8 = 'ue022'
    NUMPAD9 = 'ue023'
    MULTIPLY = 'ue024'
    ADD = 'ue025'
    SEPARATOR = 'ue026'
    SUBTRACT = 'ue027'
    DECIMAL = 'ue028'
    DIVIDE = 'ue029'

    F1 = 'ue031'  # function  keys
    F2 = 'ue032'
    F3 = 'ue033'
    F4 = 'ue034'
    F5 = 'ue035'
    F6 = 'ue036'
    F7 = 'ue037'
    F8 = 'ue038'
    F9 = 'ue039'
    F10 = 'ue03a'
    F11 = 'ue03b'
    F12 = 'ue03c'

    META = 'ue03d'
    COMMAND = 'ue03d'

2.百度注册输入框，keys示例

from selenium import  webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from time import sleep

# 模拟键盘操作-百度登录页面
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://passport.baidu.com/v2/?reg")

# 用户名元素定位和手机号元素定位
name_element = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#TANGRAM__PSP_3__userName")
phone_element = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#TANGRAM__PSP_3__phone")

# 在手机号输入框输入数据：test
phone_element.send_keys("test")

# 在手机号输入框进行组合键Ctrl+a 、 Ctrl+x
phone_element.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "a")
sleep(2)
phone_element.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "x")

# 在名字输入框输入组合键Ctrl+v
name_element.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, "v")

# 在名字输入框输入数字键3
name_element.send_keys(Keys.NUMPAD3)