基于Java和Python常用的SeleniumAPI
| 常用API |
Java |
Python |
| 打开浏览器 |
new XXXXDriver() |
webdriver.XXX() |
| 隐式等待 |
待确认 |
implicitly_wait() |
| 获取网址 |
get() |
get() |
| 关闭当前页面 |
close() |
close() |
| 关闭所有页面 |
quit() |
quit() |
| 浏览器后退 |
back() |
back() |
| 浏览器前进 |
forward() |
forward() |
| 浏览器最大化 |
maximize() |
maximize_window() |
| 设置浏览器大小 |
setSize(new Dimension(width,heigth)) |
set_window_size(width,heigth) |
| 控件元素定位 |
findElement(By.XX()) |
find_element_by_xx() |
| 获取当前页面Title |
getTitle() |
title |
| 获取当前页面源码 |
getPageSource() |
page_source |
| 点击 |
click() |
click() |
| 文本框输入 |
sendkeys() |
send_keys() |
| 清空文本框 |
clear() |
clear() |
| 获取控件元素文本 |
getText() |
text |
| 获取控件元素属性值 |
getAttribute() |
get_attribute() |
| 鼠标右击 |
contextClick() |
context_click() |
| 鼠标双击 |
doubleClick() |
double_click() |
| 拖动 |
dragAndDrop() |
drag_and_drop() |
| 鼠标移动到某个元素上 |
moveToElement() |
move_to_element() |
| 切换Frame |
switchTo.frame() |
switch_to.frame() |
| 切换回默认Frame |
switchTo().defaultContent() |
switch_to.default_content() |
| 切换窗口 |
switchTo.window() |
switch_to.window() |
| 切换至警告框 |
switchTo.alert() |
switch_to.alert |
| 警告框确认 |
accept() |
accept() |
| 警告框取消 |
dismiss() |
dismiss() |
| 获取当前句柄 |
getWindowHandle() |
current_window_handle |
| 获取所有句柄 |
getWindowHandles() |
window_handles() |
| 判断元素是否可见 |
isDisplayed() |
is_displayed() |
| 下拉框选取 |
selectByIndex()、selectByValue()、selectByVisibleText() |
select_by_index()、select_by_value()、select_by_visible_text() |
| 执行JS |
executeScript() |
execute_script() |
| 截图操作 |
getScreenshotAs() |
get_screenshot_as_file() |
相关例子
切换警告框
def test_alert(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html")
time.sleep(1)
# Alert框:只有一个确定按钮
driver.find_element_by_class_name("alert").click()
time.sleep(1)
alert = driver.switch_to.alert
time.sleep(1)
alert.accept()
# Confirm框:含确定和取消按钮
driver.find_element_by_class_name("confirm").click()
time.sleep(1)
confirm = driver.switch_to.alert
time.sleep(1)
confirm.dismiss()
time.sleep(1)
confirm.accept()
time.sleep(1)
# Prompt框:可以输入文本的警告框
driver.find_element_by_class_name("prompt").click()
time.sleep(1)
prompt = driver.switch_to.alert
time.sleep(1)
prompt.send_keys("Just test")
time.sleep(1)
prompt.accept()
prompt.accept()
//切换至警告弹窗
public void testAlert() throws InterruptedException {
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html");
sleep(1000);
// Alert框:只有一个确定按钮
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id="alert"]/input")).click();
sleep(1000);
Alert alart = driver.switchTo().alert();
alart.accept();
sleep(1000);
//Confirm框:含有确定和取消按钮
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id="confirm"]/input")).click();
sleep(1000);
Alert alert2 = driver.switchTo().alert();
alert2.dismiss();
sleep(1000);
alart.accept();
sleep(1000);
driver.findElement(By.className("prompt")).click();
sleep(1000);
Alert prompt = driver.switchTo().alert();
sleep(1000);
prompt.sendKeys("Just test");
sleep(1000);
prompt.accept();
prompt.accept();
切换Frame
def test_frame(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html")
time.sleep(1)
# 通过定位到Frame控件方式进行切换
# ele = driver.find_element_by_name("aa")
ele = driver.find_element_by_class_name("frame")
time.sleep(1)
driver.switch_to.frame(ele)
# 直接通过Frame的ID进行切换
# driver.switch_to.frame("frame")
text=driver.find_element_by_class_name("widgetStyle").text
print(text)
# 切换回外层Frame
driver.switch_to.default_content()
time.sleep(1)
print(driver.find_element_by_class_name("widgetStyle").text)
// 切换frame
public void testFrame() throws InterruptedException {
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html");
sleep(1000);
//通过定位到Frame控件方式进行切换
WebElement frame = driver.findElement(By.name("aa"));
driver.switchTo().frame(frame);
//直接通过Frame的ID进行切换
// driver.switchTo().frame("frame");
String text = driver.findElement(By.className("widgetStyle")).getText();
System.out.println(text);
//切换回外层Frame
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
sleep(1000);
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.className("widgetStyle")).getText());
}
多窗口切换
def test_window(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html")
time.sleep(1)
# 获取当前窗口的handle
current_handle = driver.current_window_handle
driver.find_element_by_class_name("open").click()
# 遍历当前浏览器打开的窗口的handle
for handle in driver.window_handles:
# 判断是否在当前窗口,是跳过,否则切换
if handle == current_handle:
print(handle)
continue
driver.switch_to.window(handle)
print(handle)
time.sleep(3)
print(driver.title)
// 切换到新窗口
public void testWindow() throws InterruptedException {
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html");
sleep(3);
driver.findElement(By.className("open")).click();
sleep(3000);
String handle = driver.getWindowHandle();
for (String handles : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
if (handles.equals(handle)) {
System.out.println(handles);
continue;
} else {
driver.switchTo().window(handles);
System.out.println(handles);
}
}
sleep(3000);
System.out.println(driver.getTitle());
}
显示等待
# 封装显示等待,Usage：find_element_until_visibility(driver,(By.XXX,"XXX"))
def find_element_until_visibility(self,driver,locator,timeout=30):
try:
element = WebDriverWait(driver,timeout).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located(locator))
return element
except NoSuchElementException as e:
print("Element not Found:")
public static WebElement findElement(By by,int time){
WebElement element = null;
try{
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,time);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(by));
element = driver.findElement(by);
}catch (Exception e){
System.out.println("元素:"+ by +" 没找到");
e.printStackTrace();
}
return element;
}
执行JS脚本
def test_js(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html")
time.sleep(1)
# 设置窗口大小为500*800
driver.set_window_size(500,800)
time.sleep(1)
# 通过JS脚本，将窗口移动至2000*3000
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(2000,3000)")
time.sleep(2)
# 通过JS脚本，将窗口移动至1000*0
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(1000,0)")
time.sleep(2)
# 通过JS脚本，将窗口移动至0*3000
driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0,3000)")
// 执行JavaScript
public void testJavaScript() throws InterruptedException {
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html");
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript("document.getElementById("user").setAttribute("type","password")");
sleep(3000);
js.executeScript("document.getElementById("user").value = "Parson"");
sleep(3000);
js.executeScript("document.getElementById("user").setAttribute("type","text")");
js.executeScript("document.getElementById("user").value = "Password"");
driver.findElement(By.className("wait")).click();
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.className("red")));
String text = driver.findElement(By.className("red")).getText();
Assert.assertEquals(text,"wait for display");
}
下拉框操作
def test_select(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html")
time.sleep(1)
ele = driver.find_element_by_id("moreSelect")
selector = Select(ele)
selector.select_by_index(2)
time.sleep(3)
selector.select_by_value("Honor")
public void testselect() throws InterruptedException {
driver.get("file:///XXXXX/index.html");
Thread.sleep(3000);
WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id("moreSelect"));
Select selector = new Select(ele);
selector.selectByIndex(2);
Thread.sleep(3000);
selector.selectByValue("Honor");