列出您可以访问的镜像
$ openstack image list
删除指定的镜像
$ openstack image delete IMAGE
描述一个指定的镜像
$ openstack image show IMAGE
更新镜像
$ openstack image set IMAGE
上传内核镜像
$ openstack image create "cirros-threepart-kernel"
--disk-format aki --container-format aki --public
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-kernel
上传RAM镜像
$ openstack image create "cirros-threepart-ramdisk"
--disk-format ari --container-format ari --public
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-initramfs
上传第三方镜像
$ openstack image create "cirros-threepart" --disk-format ami
--container-format ami --public
--property kernel_id=$KID-property ramdisk_id=$RID
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-rootfs.img
注册raw镜像
$ openstack image create "cirros-raw" --disk-format raw
--container-format bare --public
--file ~/images/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img
计算 (nova)
列出实例，核实实例状态
$ openstack server list
列出镜像
$ openstack image list
Create a flavor named m1.tiny
$ openstack flavor create --ram 512 --disk 1 --vcpus 1 m1.tiny
列出规格类型
$ openstack flavor list
用类型和镜像名称(如果名称唯一)来启动云主机
$ openstack server create --image IMAGE --flavor FLAVOR INSTANCE_NAME
$ openstack server create --image cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-uec --flavor m1.tiny
MyFirstInstance
Log in to the instance (from Linux)
The ip command is available only on Linux. Using ip netns provides your environment a copy of the network stack with its own routes, firewall rules, and network devices for better troubleshooting.
# ip netns
# ip netns exec NETNS_NAME ssh USER@SERVER
# ip netns exec qdhcp-6021a3b4-8587-4f9c-8064-0103885dfba2
ssh cirros@10.0.0.2
In CirrOS, the password for user cirros is cubswin:). For any other operating system, use SSH keys.
Log in to the instance with a public IP address (from Mac)
$ ssh cloud-user@128.107.37.150
显示实例详细信息
$ openstack server show NAME
$ openstack server show MyFirstInstance
查看云主机的控制台日志
$ openstack console log show MyFirstInstance
设置云主机的元数据
$ nova meta volumeTwoImage set newmeta='my meta data'
创建一个实例快照
$ openstack image create volumeTwoImage snapshotOfVolumeImage
$ openstack image show snapshotOfVolumeImage
实例的暂停、挂起、停止、救援、调整规格、重建、重启
暂停
$ openstack server pause NAME
$ openstack server pause volumeTwoImage
取消挂起
$ openstack server unpause NAME
挂起
$ openstack server suspend NAME
Unsuspend
$ openstack server resume NAME
关机
$ openstack server stop NAME
开始
$ openstack server start NAME
恢复
$ openstack server rescue NAME
$ openstack server rescue NAME --rescue_image_ref RESCUE_IMAGE
调整大小
$ openstack server resize NAME FLAVOR
$ openstack server resize my-pem-server m1.small
$ openstack server resize --confirm my-pem-server1
重建
$ openstack server rebuild NAME IMAGE
$ openstack server rebuild newtinny cirros-qcow2
重启
$ openstack server reboot NAME
$ openstack server reboot newtinny
将用户数据和文件注入到实例
$ openstack server create --user-data FILE INSTANCE
$ openstack server create --user-data userdata.txt --image cirros-qcow2
--flavor m1.tiny MyUserdataInstance2
使用ssh连接到实例，查看``/var/lib/cloud``验证文件是否成功注入
给实例注入一个密钥对并通过密钥对来访问实例
创建秘钥对
$ openstack keypair create test > test.pem
$ chmod 600 test.pem
启动实例
$ openstack server create --image cirros-0.3.5-x86_64 --flavor m1.small
--key-name test MyFirstServer
使用ssh连接到实例
# ip netns exec qdhcp-98f09f1e-64c4-4301-a897-5067ee6d544f
ssh -i test.pem cirros@10.0.0.4
管理安全组
在默认的安全组中，添加ping和SSH规则
$ openstack security group rule create default
--remote-group default --protocol icmp
$ openstack security group rule create default
--remote-group default --dst-port 22
网络 (neutron)¶
创建网络
$ openstack network create NETWORK_NAME
创建子网
$ openstack subnet create --subnet-pool SUBNET --network NETWORK SUBNET_NAME
$ openstack subnet create --subnet-pool 10.0.0.0/29 --network net1 subnet1
块存储(cinder)
用于管理连接到实例的卷和卷快照。
创建一个新卷
$ openstack volume create --size SIZE_IN_GB NAME
$ openstack volume create --size 1 MyFirstVolume
启动实例并将它链接到卷上
$ openstack server create --image cirros-qcow2 --flavor m1.tiny MyVolumeInstance
列出所有卷，注意卷状态
$ openstack volume list
当实例为正常状态且卷为可用状态时，将卷连接到实例。
$ openstack server add volume INSTANCE_ID VOLUME_ID
$ openstack server add volume MyVolumeInstance 573e024d-5235-49ce-8332-be1576d323f8
在Xen Hypervisor可以指定具体的设备名，而不使用自动分配的名称，例如：
$ openstack server add volume --device /dev/vdb MyVolumeInstance 573e024d..1576d323f8
This is not currently possible when using non-Xen hypervisors with OpenStack.
登陆进实例之后管理卷组
列出存储器
# fdisk -l
在卷上建立文件系统
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb
创建一个挂载点
# mkdir /myspace
在挂载点挂载卷
# mount /dev/vdb /myspace
在卷上创建一个文件
# touch /myspace/helloworld.txt
# ls /myspace
卸载卷
# umount /myspace