分离浮点数的整数和小数部分

     问题描述:如何将获取一个浮点数的整数部分以及小数部分

 
方法一:
 1 #include <iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3  
 4 void main()
 5 {
 6      float f = -23.04f;     
 7      int i = f;
 8      float ff = f - i;
 9  
10      cout << "i=" << i << ", ff=" << ff << endl;
11 }

output:

i=-23, ff=-0.0400009
 
缺点:不能够精确小数的位数,因为小数部分是由差求得,会丢失部分精度。
 
方法二:
 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <sstream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 using namespace std;
 5  
 6 void main()
 7 {
 8      float f = -23.04f;     
 9      int i = 0;
10      float ff = 0.0f;
11  
12      stringstream ss;
13      ss << f;
14      ss >> i >> ff;
15      cout << "i=" << i << ", ff=" << ff << endl;
16 }

output:

i=-23, ff=0.04
缺点:小数部分无法获取浮点数的正负号
 
方法三:
 1 void FloatData(float f)
 2 {
 3      float    fp = f;
 4      unsigned char *p = ( unsigned char *)&fp;
 5      int        nSign = 1;
 6  
 7      /*符号位*/
 8      if(*(p+ 3) & 0x80) /*获取最高位,如果是1则为负*/
 9      {
10            nSign = - 1;
11      }
12      cout << "符号位:" << nSign << endl;
13      
14      /*获取阶码*/
15      int hex = (*(p+ 2) & 0x80) >> 7;
16      hex |= ((*(p+ 3)& 0x7f) << 1);
17      hex -= 127;
18      cout << "阶码:" << hex << endl;
19  
20      /*数据部分*/
21      unsigned long int l_int = 0L;
22      unsigned char *q = ( unsigned char *)&l_int;
23  
24      /*数据拷贝*/
25      *q     = *p;
26      *(q+ 1) = *(p+ 1);
27      *(q+ 2) = *(p+ 2) | 0x80;
28      *(q+ 3) = 0x00;
29  
30      /*数据存储区*/
31      l_int <<= 8;
32      cout << "整数部分:" ;
33      if(hex >= 0)
34      {
35            cout << (l_int>>( 32- 1-hex)) << endl;
36      }
37      else
38      {
39            l_int >>= -hex;
40            cout << 0 << endl;
41      }
42  
43      /*小数部分*/
44      unsigned long int tmp = 0L;
45      if(hex >= 0)
46            tmp = 1 << ( 32- 1-hex);
47      else
48            tmp = 1 << 31;
49      float sum = 0.0f;
50      for(int i= 0;i< 31;i++)
51      {
52             if((tmp & l_int) && i!= 0)
53                 sum += 1 * ( float)pow( 2.0f,-i);
54            tmp >>= 1;
55      }
56      cout << "小数部分:" << sum << endl;
57 }

 

方法四:
 1 #include <iostream>
 2 #include <sstream>
 3 #include <string>
 4 #include <cmath>
 5 #include <iomanip>    // just for setw()
 6 void splitFloat(float f)
 7 {
 8      stringstream ss;
 9      ss << setprecision( 8) << f; // 如果不设置为8,用默认是值,则会截断小数的位数
10  
11      string str;
12      ss >> str;
13  
14      size_t pos = str.find( "-");
15      int nSign = 1;
16      if (pos != string::npos)
17      {
18            nSign = - 1;
19            str = str.substr(pos+ 1, str.length()-pos- 1);
20      }
21      cout << "nSign = " << nSign << endl;
22  
23      // 整数
24      pos = str.find( ".");
25      if (pos != string::npos)
26      {
27            string tstr = str.substr( 0, pos);
28            cout << "整数:" << atof(tstr.c_str()) << endl;
29            str = str.substr(pos, str.length()-pos);
30      }
31  
32      // 小数
33      cout << "小数:o" << atof(str.c_str()) << endl;
34 }
 
 
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/520zijuan/p/2886777.html