【C语言】学生成绩管理系统V2.0

学生成绩管理系统V2.0

学生成绩管理系统是一个非常实用的程序，如果能够把用户输入的数据存盘，下次运行时读出，就更有用了。

某班有最多不超过40人（具体人数由键盘输入）参加期末考试，考试科目为数学（MT）、英语（EN）和物理（PH）。编程实现如下菜单驱动的学生成绩管理系统：

（1）录入每个学生的学号、姓名和各科考试成绩；

（2）计算每个学生的总分和平均分；

（3）按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表；

（4）按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表；

（5）按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩；

（6）按姓名查询学生排名及其考试成绩；

（7）将每个学生的记录信息写入文件；

（8）从文件中读出每个学生的记录信息并显示。

要求程序运行后先显示如下菜单，并提示用户输入选项：

1.Append record

2.Caculate total and average score of every student

3.Sort in ascending order by total score of every student

4.Sort in dictionary order by name

5.Search by number

6.Search by name

7.Write to a file

8.Read from a file

0.Exit

Please enter your choice:

然后，根据用户输入的选项执行相应的操作。

 

  1 #include<stdio.h>
  2 #include<stdlib.h>
  3 #include <string.h>
  4 #define N 40
  5 
  6 typedef struct student {
  7     long studentID;             //学号
  8     char studentName[10];       //姓名
  9     int score[3];               //3门课程的成绩
 10     int sum;                    //总分
 11     float aver;                 //平均分
 12 } STUDENT;
 13 
 14 void ReadScore(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);         //输入成绩
 15 void ScoreSum(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);          //计算总分
 16 void ScoreAverage(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);      //计算平均分
 17 void PrintSumAver(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);      //输出每个学生的总分和平均分
 18 void DataSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);          //按总分由低到高排名
 19 void PrintDataSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);     //按成绩由高到低输出
 20 void NameSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);          //按姓名的字典顺序排名
 21 void PrintNameSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);     //按姓名的字典顺序输出
 22 void Exchange(STUDENT stu[],int i,int j);          //交换学生信息 
 23 void SearchID(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);          //按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩
 24 void SearchName(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);        //按姓名查询排名及考试成绩
 25 void WritetoFile(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);       //将每个学生的记录信息写入文件
 26 void ReadfromFile(STUDENT stu[],int *n,int *m);    //从文件中读出每个学生的记录信息并显示
 27 void PrintScore(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m);        //从文件中读出每个学生的记录信息并显示
 28 
 29 int main(void) {
 30     int n,m=3;
 31     STUDENT stu[N];
 32     do {
 33         printf("1.Append record
");
 34         printf("2.Caculate total and average score of every student
");
 35         printf("3.Sort in ascending order by total score of every student
");
 36         printf("4.Sort in dictionary order by name
");
 37         printf("5.Search by number
");
 38         printf("6.Search by name
");
 39         printf("7.Write to a file
");
 40         printf("8.Read from a file
");
 41         printf("0.Exit
");
 42         printf("Please enter your choice: 
");
 43         scanf("%d",&m);
 44         switch (m) {
 45             case 1: {
 46                 printf("Input n:");
 47                 scanf("%d",&n);
 48                 ReadScore(stu,n,3);
 49                 break;
 50             }
 51             case 2: {
 52                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 53                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 54                 PrintSumAver(stu,n,3);
 55                 break;
 56             }
 57             case 3: {
 58                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 59                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 60                 DataSort(stu,n,3);
 61                 PrintDataSort(stu,n,3);
 62                 break;
 63             }
 64             case 4: {
 65                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 66                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 67                 NameSort(stu,n,3);
 68                 PrintNameSort(stu,n,3);
 69                 break;
 70             }
 71             case 5: {
 72                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 73                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 74                 SearchID(stu,n,3);
 75                 break;
 76             }
 77             case 6: {
 78                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 79                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 80                 SearchName(stu,n,3);
 81                 break;
 82             }
 83             case 7: {
 84                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 85                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 86                 WritetoFile(stu,n,3);
 87                 break;
 88             }
 89             case 8: {
 90                 ScoreSum(stu,n,3);
 91                 ScoreAverage(stu,n,3);
 92                 ReadfromFile(stu,&n,&m);
 93                 PrintScore(stu,n,3);
 94                 break;
 95             }
 96             case 0: {
 97                 printf("Exit");
 98                 break;
 99             }
100             default:
101                 printf("Please enter it again.");
102         }
103         printf("
");
104     } while(m!=0);
105     return 0;
106 }
107 
108 void ReadScore(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
109     int i,j;
110     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
111         printf("Input record %d:
",i+1);
112         scanf("%ld",&stu[i].studentID);
113         scanf("%s",&stu[i].studentName);
114         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
115             scanf("%d",&stu[i].score[j]);
116         }
117     }
118 }
119 
120 void ScoreSum(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
121     int i,j,sum;
122     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
123         sum=0;
124         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
125             sum+=stu[i].score[j];
126         }
127         stu[i].sum=sum;
128     }
129 }
130 
131 void ScoreAverage(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
132     int i,j,sum;
133     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
134         sum=0;
135         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
136             sum+=stu[i].score[j];
137         }
138         stu[i].aver=(float)sum/m;
139     }
140 }
141 
142 void PrintSumAver(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
143     int i,j;
144     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
145         printf("%10ld%8s",stu[i].studentID,stu[i].studentName);
146         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
147             printf("%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
148         }
149         printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
150         printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
151     }
152     printf("
");
153 }
154 
155 void Exchange(STUDENT stu[],int i,int j)
156 {
157     long k;
158     int temp,x,y;
159     char t[N];
160     float a;
161     temp=stu[j].sum;
162     stu[j].sum=stu[i].sum;
163     stu[i].sum=temp;
164     k=stu[j].studentID;
165     stu[j].studentID=stu[i].studentID;
166     stu[i].studentID=k;
167     strcpy(t,stu[i].studentName);
168     strcpy(stu[i].studentName,stu[j].studentName);
169     strcpy(stu[j].studentName,t);
170     a=stu[j].aver;
171     stu[j].aver=stu[i].aver;
172     stu[i].aver=a;
173     for(x=0;x<3;x++)
174     {
175         y=stu[j].score[x];
176         stu[j].score[x]=stu[i].score[x];
177         stu[i].score[x]=y;
178     }
179 }
180  
181 void DataSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
182     int i,j,temp,k;
183     char t[N]; 
184     for(i=0; i<n-1; i++) {
185         for(j=i+1; j<n; j++) {
186             if(stu[j].sum<stu[i].sum) {
187                 Exchange(stu,i,j);
188             }
189         }
190     }
191 }
192 
193 void PrintDataSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
194     int i,j;
195     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
196         printf("%10ld%8s",stu[i].studentID,stu[i].studentName);
197         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
198             printf("%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
199         }
200         printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
201         printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
202     }
203     printf("
");
204 }
205 
206 void NameSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
207     int i,j,k;
208     char temp[N];
209     for(i=0; i<n-1; i++) {
210         for(j=i+1; j<n; j++) {
211             if(strcmp(stu[i].studentName,stu[j].studentName)>0) {
212                 Exchange(stu,i,j);
213             }
214         }
215     }
216 }
217 
218 void PrintNameSort(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
219     int i,j;
220     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
221         printf("%10ld%8s",stu[i].studentID,stu[i].studentName);
222         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
223             printf("%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
224         }
225         printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
226         printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
227     }
228     printf("
");
229 }
230 
231 void SearchID(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
232     int i,x=-1,count=1;
233     long t;
234     printf("Input ID:");
235     scanf("%ld",&t);
236     do {
237         x++;
238     } while(t!=stu[x].studentID);
239     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
240         if(stu[i].score>stu[x].score)
241             count+=1;
242     }
243     printf("%2d%10ld%8s",count,stu[x].studentID,stu[x].studentName);
244     for(i=0; i<m; i++) {
245         printf("%4d",stu[x].score[i]);
246     }
247     printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
248     printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
249 }
250 
251 void SearchName(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
252     int i,x=-1,count=1;
253     char name[10];
254     printf("Input Name:");
255     scanf("%s",&name);
256     do {
257         x++;
258     } while(strcmp(name,stu[x].studentName)!=0);
259     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
260         if(stu[i].sum>stu[x].sum)
261             count+=1;
262     }
263     printf("%2d%10ld%8s",count,stu[x].studentID,stu[x].studentName);
264     for(i=0; i<m; i++) {
265         printf("%4d",stu[x].score[i]);
266     }
267     printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
268     printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
269 }
270 
271 void WritetoFile(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
272     FILE *fp;
273     int i,j;
274     if((fp=fopen("test.txt","w"))==NULL) { //以写方式打开文本文件
275         printf("Failure to open test.txt!
");
276         exit(0);
277     }
278     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
279         fprintf(fp,"%10ld%8s",stu[i].studentID,stu[i].studentName);
280         for(j=0; j<m; j++) {
281             fprintf(fp,"%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
282         }
283         fprintf(fp,"%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
284         fprintf(fp,"%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
285     }
286     fclose(fp);
287 }
288 
289 void ReadfromFile(STUDENT stu[],int *n,int *m) {
290     FILE *fp;
291     int i,j;
292     if((fp=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { //以读方式打开文本文件
293         printf("Failure to open test.txt!
");
294         exit(0);
295     }
296     for(i=0; i<*n; i++) {
297         fscanf(fp,"%10ld",&stu[i].studentID);
298         fscanf(fp,"%8s",stu[i].studentName);
299         for(j=0; j<3; j++) {
300             fscanf(fp,"%4d",&stu[i].score[j]);
301         }
302         fscanf(fp,"%6d",&stu[i].sum);
303         fscanf(fp,"%f",&stu[i].aver); //不能使用%.2f格式
304     }
305     fclose(fp);
306 }
307 
308 void PrintScore(STUDENT stu[],int n,int m) {
309     int i,j;
310     for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
311         printf("%10ld",stu[i].studentID);
312         printf("%8s",stu[i].studentName);
313         for(j=0; j<3; j++) {
314             printf("%4d",stu[i].score[j]);
315         }
316         printf("%6d   ",stu[i].sum);
317         printf("%.2f
",stu[i].aver);
318     }
319     printf("
");
320 }
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/20201212ycy/p/14883706.html