20145235 《Java程序设计》实验二

实验内容

  • 初步掌握单元测试和TDD
  • 理解并掌握面向对象三要素:封装、继承、多态
  • 初步掌握UML建模
  • 熟悉S.O.L.I.D原则
  • 了解设计模式

实验步骤

单元测试


代码及则是结果:

public class MyUtil{
   public static String percentage2fivegrade(int grade){
       //如果成绩小于60,转成“不及格”
       if (grade < 60)
           return "不及格";
       //如果成绩在60与70之间,转成“及格”
       else if (grade < 70)
           return "及格";
       //如果成绩在70与80之间,转成“中等”
       else if (grade < 80)
           return "中等";
       //如果成绩在80与90之间,转成“良好”
       else if (grade < 90)
           return "良好";
       //如果成绩在90与100之间,转成“优秀”
       else if (grade < 100)
           return "优秀";
       //其他,转成“错误”
       else 
           return "错误";
   }
}
public class MyUtilTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 百分制成绩是50时应该返回五级制的“不及格”
        if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55) != "不及格")
            System.out.println("test failed!");
        else
            System.out.println("test passed!");
    }
}
public class MyUtilTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    //测试正常情况
    if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(55) != "不及格")
        System.out.println("test failed!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(65) != "及格")
        System.out.println("test failed!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(75) != "中等")
        System.out.println("test failed!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(85) != "良好")
        System.out.println("test failed!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(95) != "优秀")
        System.out.println("test failed!");
    else 
        System.out.println("test passed!");
}
}

public class MyUtilTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
    //测试边界情况
    if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(0) != "不及格")
        System.out.println("test failed 1!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(60) != "及格")
        System.out.println("test failed 2!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(70) != "中等")
        System.out.println("test failed 3!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(80) != "良好")
        System.out.println("test failed 4!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(90) != "优秀")
        System.out.println("test failed 5!");
    else if(MyUtil.percentage2fivegrade(100) != "优秀")
        System.out.println("test failed 6!");
    else 
        System.out.println("test passed!"); 
}
}

TDD

的一般步骤如下:

  • 明确当前要完成的功能,记录成一个测试列表
  • 快速完成编写针对此功能的测试用例
  • 测试代码编译不通过(没产品代码呢)
  • 编写产品代码
  • 测试通过
  • 对代码进行重构
  • 循环完成所有功能

TDD的编码节奏

  • 增加测试代码,JUnit出现红条
  • 修改产品代码
  • JUnit出现绿条,任务完成

面向对象三要素

  • 抽象
  • 封装、继承与多态
  • 设计模式初步

S.O.L.I.D原则

面向对象三要素是“封装、继承、多态”,任何面向对象编程语言都会在语法上支持这三要素。如何借助抽象思维用好三要素特别是多态还是非常困难的,S.O.L.I.D类设计原则是一个很好的指导:

  • SRP(Single Responsibility Principle,单一职责原则)
  • OCP(Open-Closed Principle,开放-封闭原则)
  • LSP(Liskov Substitusion Principle,Liskov替换原则)
  • ISP(Interface Segregation Principle,接口分离原则)
  • DIP(Dependency Inversion Principle,依赖倒置原则)

练习

运行结果:

public class TestComplex
{

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入复数A:");
        float realpart1=sc.nextInt();float imagepart1=sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入复数B:");
        float realpart2=sc.nextInt();float imagepart2=sc.nextInt();
        Complex c1=new Complex(realpart1,imagepart1);
        Complex c2=new Complex(realpart2,imagepart2);
        System.out.println("请选择运算:
"+
                "(选择 1 执行加法运算)
"+
                "(选择 2 执行减法运算)
"+
                "(选择 3 执行乘法运算)
"+
                "(选择 4 执行除法运算)");
        int s=sc.nextInt();
        Complex C=new Complex();
        for(;;)
        {
            C.PressButton(s,c1,c2);
            System.out.println("Please input complex A again:");
            realpart1=sc.nextInt();imagepart1=sc.nextInt();
            System.out.println("Please input complex B again:");
            realpart2=sc.nextInt();imagepart2=sc.nextInt();
            System.out.println("Please choose the operate pattern:
"+
                    "(choose 1 will run add operation)
"+
                    "(choose 2 will run sub operation)
"+
                    "(choose 3 will run mul operation)
"+
                    "(choose 4 will run div operation)");
            s=sc.nextInt();
            if(s==-1)
            {
                System.out.println("Game over!");
                break;
            }
        }

    }
}

 

原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/20145235litao/p/5401730.html