远程连接数据库报错的可能原因：
（1）windows防火墙没有关闭。[这个可以排除]
（2）登录名和密码错误。[这个可以排除]
（3）用户权限不够。[这个可以排除]
（4）数据库没有开启远程连接。[待验证]
（5）数据库的登录方式不支持TCP/IP协议。[待验证]
>>日志：
------------------------------------------------------- 10.2.2 geodatabase ------------------------------------------------------- init_DB DB_instance_open_as_dba: -409 DBMS error code: 53 [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [53].
DBMS error code: 53 ：https://wenku.baidu.com/view/9cbdd742be1e650e52ea99c7.html 找不到网络路径
[Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 11.0]Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [53].：https://www.cnblogs.com/notfound/p/11946196.html
>>打开sql server配置管理器：https://www.cnblogs.com/hyyq/p/10758302.html
1：利用SDE命令“sdeservice –o delete”删除SDE服务。检查注册表里面关于SDE服务的关键字，查看一下目录删除关于[esri_sde]的文件夹或者关键字
** HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SOFTWARE > ESRI > ArcInfo > ArcSDE > ?ArcSDE for [RDBMS]? > [esri_sde]
** HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SYSTEM > ControlSet001 > Services > [esri_sde]
** HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SYSTEM > ControlSet002 > Services > [esri_sde]
** HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SYSTEM > ControlSet003 > Services > [esri_sde]
** HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE > SYSTEM > CurrentControlSet > Services > [esri_sde]
2：重启服务器
3：确保%SDEHOME%in下的giomgr.exe sdeservice.exe是会在环境变量中优先执行。
4：在 %SDEHOME%etcsdeservices.sde 文件和C:WINNTsystem32driversetcservices 文件验证SDE服务名和端口号
5：使用“sdeservice –o create”命令重新创建SDE服务
6：使用“sdeservice –o list”命令查看SDE服务名、SDEHOME路径、注册服务器完全正确。
7：利用“sdemon –o start –I esri_sde”命令或者“net start esri_sde”命令启动SDE服务
如果问题还么有解决，重新启动SDE服务器。
可能服务不能开机自动启动，需要手动启动esri_sde服务。
instance实例名字到底应该怎么写？
Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [53]. RRS feed：https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/sqlserver/en-US/f398623b-d32b-4bf9-b2a6-4cce10ecd7d3/named-pipes-provider-could-not-open-a-connection-to-sql-server-53?forum=sqldataaccess
Error 53 is an OS error which maps to ERROR_BAD_NETPATH (The network path was not found). Depending on how you setup your linked server, a connection from the current SQL Server process to the remote one will be attempted. Due to the nature of the error, it seems to be attempted with Named Pipes protocol and some of the OS calls (like CreatePipe for instance) returns the OS error 53. In most of the cases this is related to the network name resolution of the remote server or it might be permissions-related, e.g. if your current SQL Server instance is running under Local System account (which doesn't have network access privileges).
Please see the detailed description on how to setup a linked server in the SQL Server Books Online, but to start you could try the following:
(a) Examine your current SQL Server service account (the local instance - the one where you are trying to setup the linked server to the remote machine). Depending on the authentication configured for the linked server, you might need to use an account which has network access. You could examine the service account using Management Studio or Configuration Manager
(b) Check the network name of the remote server. To eliminate network resolution issues, try to connect to it from the local SQL Server machine via sqlcmd or try to setup the linked server with the IP address of the remote machine instead of the name.
(c) Force using TCP/IP protocol instead of named pipes by either prefixing the server name with "tcp:" or by setting the protocols order (Configuration Manager) or by creating an explicit alias for it.
If the issue persists, please post the exact error again and your linked server configuration (security, etc.).
SQL Server Error “Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [53]”可能是DNS解析的问题
最大可能是sde程序发送的请求有问题。。。比如，以tcp/ip协议的方式发送请求，不要以named pipes的方式，但是arcsde发送请求的方式怎么修改呢？如果是名称有问题，那么到底应该怎么写呢？
