SpringMVC基础-02

Rest:系统希望以非常简洁的URL地址来发请求;
          怎样表示对一个资源的增删改查用请求方式来区分
 
/getBook?id=1   :查询图书
/deleteBook?id=1:删除1号图书
/updateBook?id=1:更新1号图书
/addBook     :添加图书

Rest推荐;
     url地址这么起名;  /资源名/资源标识符
/book/1          :GET-----查询1号图书
/book/1          :PUT------更新1号图书
/book/1          :DELETE-----删除1号图书
/book               :POST-----添加图书
系统的URL地址就这么来设计即可;
     简洁的URL提交请求,以请求方式区分对资源操作;
问题:从页面上只能发起两种请求,GET、POST;
其他的请求方式没法使用;
使用Rest来构建一个增删改查系统;
页面地址:
BookController.java:
package com.atguigu.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class BookController {

    /**
     *  发起图书的增删改查请求;使用Rest风格的URL地址;
     * 请求url  请求方式 表示含义
     * /book/1 GET:   查询1号图书
     * /book/1 DELETE:删除1号图书
     * /book/1 PUT:   更新1号图书
     * /book   POST:  添加1号图书
     * 从页面发起PUT、DELETE形式的请求
     */

    /**
     * 处理查询图书请求
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/book/{bid}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getBook(@PathVariable("bid")Integer id) {
        System.out.println("查询到了"+id+"号图书");
        return "success";
    }
    
    /**
     * 图书删除
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/book/{bid}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
    public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bid")Integer id) {
        System.out.println("删除了"+id+"号图书");
        return "success";
    }

    /**
     * 图书更新
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value="/book/{bid}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
    public String updateBook(@PathVariable("bid")Integer id) {
        System.out.println("更新了"+id+"号图书");
        return "success";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value="/book",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addBook() {
        System.out.println("添加了新的图书");
        return "success";
    }
}

部分源码分析:

 1 @Override
 2     protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain)
 3             throws ServletException, IOException {
 4      //获取表单上_method带来的值(deleteput)
 5         String paramValue = request.getParameter(this.methodParam);
 6      
 7      //判断如过表单是一个post而且_method有值
 8         if ("POST".equals(request.getMethod()) && StringUtils.hasLength(paramValue)) {
 9           //转为PUT、DELETE
10             String method = paramValue.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
11           //重写了request.getMethod();
12             HttpServletRequest wrapper = new HttpMethodRequestWrapper(request, method);
13 
14           //wrapper.getMethod()===PUT;
15             filterChain.doFilter(wrapper, response);
16         }
17         else {
18              //直接放行
19             filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
20         }
21     }
从页面发起PUT、DELETE形式的请求?Spring提供了对Rest风格的支持
1)、SpringMVC中有一个Filter;他可以把普通的请求转化为规定形式的请求;配置这个filter;
1     <filter>
2         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
3         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
4     </filter>
5     <filter-mapping>
6         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
7         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
8     </filter-mapping>
2)、如何发其他形式请求?
    按照以下要求;1、创建一个post类型的表单 2、表单项中携带一个_method的参数,3、这个_method的值就是DELETE、PUT
完整的web.xml:
 1 <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 2         "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 3         "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
 4 
 5 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
 6          xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
 7          id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
 8     <display-name>3.SpringMVC_rest</display-name>
 9     <welcome-file-list>
10         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
11     </welcome-file-list>
12 
13     <!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application,
14     responsible for handling all application requests -->
15     <servlet>
16         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
17         <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
18 
19         <init-param>
20             <!-- contextConfigLocation:指定SpringMVC配置文件位置 -->
21             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
22             <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
23         </init-param>
24         <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
25     </servlet>
26 
27     <!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
28     <servlet-mapping>
29         <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
30         <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
31     </servlet-mapping>
32 
33     <filter>
34         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
35         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
36     </filter>
37     <filter-mapping>
38         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
39         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
40     </filter-mapping>
41 
42 </web-app>

springmvc.xml:

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 2 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
 3        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 4        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
 5        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 6         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
 7 
 8     <!-- 扫描所有组件 -->
 9     <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"></context:component-scan>
10 
11     <!-- 配置一个视图解析器 ;能帮我们拼接页面地址-->
12     <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
13         <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
14         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
15     </bean>
16 </beans>

index.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2          pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 4 <html>
 5 <head>
 6     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 7     <title>Insert title here</title>
 8 </head>
 9 <body>
10 <!-- 发起图书的增删改查请求;使用Rest风格的URL地址;
11 请求url    请求方式    表示含义
12 /book/1    GET:    查询1号图书
13 /book/1    DELETE:    删除1号图书
14 /book/1    PUT:    更新1号图书
15 /book    POST:    添加1号图书
16 
17 从页面发起PUT、DELETE形式的请求?Spring提供了对Rest风格的支持
18 1)、SpringMVC中有一个Filter;他可以把普通的请求转化为规定形式的请求;配置这个filter;
19     <filter>
20         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
21         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
22     </filter>
23     <filter-mapping>
24         <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
25         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
26     </filter-mapping>
27 2)、如何发其他形式请求?
28     按照以下要求;1、创建一个post类型的表单 2、表单项中携带一个_method的参数,3、这个_method的值就是DELETE、PUT
29 
30  -->
31 <a href="book/1">查询图书</a><br/>
32 <form action="book" method="post">
33     <input type="submit" value="添加1号图书"/>
34 </form><br/>
35 
36 
37 <!-- 发送DELETE请求 -->
38 <form action="book/1" method="post">
39     <input name="_method" value="delete"/>
40     <input type="submit" value="删除1号图书"/>
41 </form><br/>
42 
43 <!-- 发送PUT请求 -->
44 <form action="book/1" method="post">
45     <input name="_method" value="put"/>
46     <input type="submit" value="更新1号图书"/>
47 </form><br/>
48 </body>
49 </html>
注意:高版本Tomcat;Rest支持有点问题:

 解决方案:

success.jsp:

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
 2          pageEncoding="UTF-8" isErrorPage="true" %>
 3 <%--isErrorPage="true":解决高版本tomcatdelete、put请求的405问题--%>
 4 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 5 <html>
 6 <head>
 7     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
 8     <title>Insert title here</title>
 9 </head>
10 <body>
11 <h1>你成功了,6666</h1>
12 </body>
13 </html>
原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/116970u/p/13154591.html