Python 使用socket实现一对多通信

这个折磨了我快一天的时间，查看官网的socket入门例子，都是一对一的，服务器是处理一对一的形式。如果让服务器处理多个客户端，使用Python提供的socketserver函数和select也是可以解决的，但是这两个只能处理客户端发过来的信息，不能自动发起向已经连接到服务器的某个客户端进行通信，经过了多方的查找资料和总结，终于使用socket和threading解决了这个问题。

服务器代码：

 1 from tkinter import *
 2 from socket import *
 3 import threading
 4 
 5 
 6 address='0.0.0.0'
 7 port=9000
 8 buffsize=1024
 9 s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
10 s.bind((address,port))
11 s.listen(5)     #最大连接数
12 conn_list = []
13 conn_dt = {}
14 
15 def tcplink(sock,addr):
16     while True:
17         try:
18             recvdata=sock.recv(buffsize).decode('utf-8')
19             print(recvdata, addr)
20             gui.infoList.config(state=NORMAL)
21             gui.infoList.insert(END, addr, 'name')
22             gui.infoList.insert(END, '：	')
23             gui.infoList.insert(END, recvdata, 'conment')
24             gui.infoList.insert(END, '

')
25             gui.infoList.config(state=DISABLED)
26             if not recvdata:
27                 break
28         except:
29             sock.close()
30             print(addr,'offline')
31             _index = conn_list.index(addr)
32             gui.listBox.delete(_index)
33             conn_dt.pop(addr)
34             conn_list.pop(_index)
35             break
36 
37 def recs():
38     while True:
39         clientsock,clientaddress=s.accept()
40         if clientaddress not in conn_list:
41             conn_list.append(clientaddress)
42             conn_dt[clientaddress] = clientsock
43             gui.listBox.insert(END, clientaddress)
44         print('connect from:',clientaddress)
45         #在这里创建线程，就可以每次都将socket进行保持
46         t=threading.Thread(target=tcplink,args=(clientsock,clientaddress))
47         t.start()
48 
49 
50 class GUI:
51     def __init__(self, root):
52         self.root = root
53         self.leftFrame = Frame(self.root, width=20, height=30)
54         self.leftFrame.grid(row=0, column=0)
55         self.rightFrame = Frame(self.root, width=20, height=30)
56         self.rightFrame.grid(row=0, column=1)
57         Label(self.leftFrame, text='在线IP地址列表').grid(row=0, column=0)
58         self.listBox = Listbox(self.leftFrame, width=15, height=10)
59         self.listBox.grid(row=1, column=0)
60         self.entry = Entry(self.rightFrame, font=('Serief', 18), width=30)
61         self.entry.grid(row=0, column=0)
62         self.sendBtn = Button(self.rightFrame, text='发送', command=self.send, width=10)
63         self.sendBtn.grid(row=0, column=1)
64         Label(self.rightFrame, text='聊天信息').grid(row=1, columnspan=2)
65         self.infoList = Text(self.rightFrame, width=40, height=12)
66         self.infoList.grid(row=2, columnspan=2)
67         self.infoList.tag_config('name', background='yellow', foreground='red')
68         self.infoList.tag_config('conment', background='black', foreground='white')
69 
70 
71     def send(self):
72         _index = self.listBox.curselection()
73         conn_dt[self.listBox.get(_index)].sendall(self.entry.get().encode('utf-8'))
74         self.entry.delete(0, END)
75 
76 def createGUI():
77     global gui
78     root = Tk()
79     gui = GUI(root)
80     root.title('服务器')
81     root.mainloop()
82 
83 if __name__ == '__main__':
84     t1 = threading.Thread(target=recs, args=(), name='rec')
85     t2 = threading.Thread(target=createGUI, args=(), name='GUI')
86 
87     t1.start()
88     t2.start()

客户端代码：

 1 from socket import *
 2 import threading
 3 from tkinter import *
 4 
 5 address='127.0.0.1'   #服务器的ip地址
 6 port=9000
 7 buffsize=1024
 8 s=socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
 9 s.connect((address,port))
10 
11 
12 
13 def recv():
14     while True:
15         recvdata = s.recv(buffsize).decode('utf-8')
16         gui.listBox.insert(END, recvdata)
17         print('
' + recvdata + '
')
18 
19 class GUI:
20     def __init__(self, root):
21         self.root = root
22         self.listBox = Listbox(self.root)
23         self.listBox.pack()
24         self.entry = Entry(self.root)
25         self.entry.pack()
26         self.sendBtn = Button(self.root, text='发送', command=self.send)
27         self.sendBtn.pack()
28 
29     def send(self):
30         senddata = self.entry.get()
31         s.send(senddata.encode())
32 
33 def createGUI():
34     global gui
35     root = Tk()
36     gui = GUI(root)
37     root.title('客户端')
38     root.mainloop()
39 
40 if __name__ == '__main__':
41     t1 = threading.Thread(target=recv, args=(), name='recv')
42     t2 = threading.Thread(target=createGUI, args=(), name='gui')
43 
44     t1.start()
45     t2.start()

加上了界面，可以实现服务端与已连接的某个客户端进行通信，可以处理多个客户端的通信，